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The aim of this thesis is to find a solution to the non-parametric independence problem in separable metric spaces. Suppose we are given finite collection of samples from an i.i.d. sequence of paired random elements, where each marginal has…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2017-06-13 Martin Emil Jakobsen

The purpose of this paper is twofold. First, we provide a novel characterization of independence of random vectors based on the checkerboard approximation to a multivariate copula. Using this result, we then propose a new family of tests of…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2019-06-07 José M. González-Barrios , Eduardo Gutiérrez-Peña , Juan D. Nieves , Raúl Rueda

The need to test whether two random vectors are independent has spawned a large number of competing measures of dependence. We are interested in nonparametric measures that are invariant under strictly increasing transformations, such as…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2017-08-21 Luca Weihs , Mathias Drton , Nicolai Meinshausen

Mutual information is a well-known tool to measure the mutual dependence between variables. In this paper, a Bayesian nonparametric estimation of mutual information is established by means of the Dirichlet process and the $k$-nearest…

Methodology · Statistics 2021-08-10 Luai Al-Labadi , Forough Fazeli Asl , Zahra Saberi

We apply the concept of distance covariance for testing independence of two long-range dependent time series. As test statistic we propose a linear combination of empirical distance cross-covariances. We derive the asymptotic distribution…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2026-01-28 Annika Betken , Herold Dehling

Quantifying cooperation or synergy among random variables in predicting a single target random variable is an important problem in many complex systems. We review three prior information-theoretic measures of synergy and introduce a novel…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2014-04-02 Virgil Griffith , Christof Koch

Given an iid sequence of pairs of stochastic processes on the unit interval we construct a measure of independence for the components of the pairs. We define distance covariance and distance correlation based on approximations of the…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2018-11-30 Herold Dehling , Muneya Matsui , Thomas Mikosch , Gennady Samorodnitsky , Laleh Tafakori

Following our previous work on copula-based nonsymmetric bivariate dependence measures, we propose a new set of conditions on nonsymmetric multivariate dependence measures which characterize both independence and complete dependence of one…

Methodology · Statistics 2015-12-04 Hui Li

We introduce a new test for conditional independence which is based on what we call the weighted generalised covariance measure (WGCM). It is an extension of the recently introduced generalised covariance measure (GCM). To test the null…

Methodology · Statistics 2022-05-17 Cyrill Scheidegger , Julia Hörrmann , Peter Bühlmann

Distance covariance is a popular dependence measure for two random vectors $X$ and $Y$ of possibly different dimensions and types. Recent years have witnessed concentrated efforts in the literature to understand the distributional…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2024-08-05 Qiyang Han , Yandi Shen

Distance covariance is a widely used statistical methodology for testing the dependency between two groups of variables. Despite the appealing properties of consistency and superior testing power, the testing results of distance covariance…

Methodology · Statistics 2026-03-20 Andi Wang , Hao Yan , Juan Du

It is a common saying that testing for conditional independence, i.e., testing whether whether two random vectors $X$ and $Y$ are independent, given $Z$, is a hard statistical problem if $Z$ is a continuous random variable (or vector). In…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2022-03-25 Rajen D. Shah , Jonas Peters

This paper investigates the utilization of maximum and average distance correlations for multivariate independence testing. We characterize their consistency properties in high-dimensional settings with respect to the number of marginally…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-06-11 Cencheng Shen , Yuexiao Dong

In this paper we propose and study a class of nonparametric, yet interpretable measures of association between two random vectors $X$ and $Y$ taking values in $\mathbb{R}^{d_1}$ and $\mathbb{R}^{d_2}$ respectively ($d_1, d_2\ge 1$). These…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2024-11-21 Nabarun Deb , Promit Ghosal , Bodhisattva Sen

Testing for independence between two random vectors is a fundamental problem in statistics. It is observed from empirical studies that many existing omnibus consistent tests may not work well for some strongly nonmonotonic and nonlinear…

Methodology · Statistics 2024-02-27 Kai Xu , Yeqing Zhou , Liping Zhu , Runze Li

Recognizing, quantifying and visualizing associations between two variables is increasingly important. This paper investigates how a new function-valued measure of dependence, the quantile dependence function, can be used to construct tests…

Methodology · Statistics 2019-04-16 Ćmiel Bogdan , Ledwina Teresa

Mutual information (MI) is a useful information-theoretic measure to quantify the statistical dependence between two random variables: $X$ and $Y$. Often, we are interested in understanding how the dependence between $X$ and $Y$ in one set…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2025-07-22 Chetan Gohil , Oliver M Cliff , James M. Shine , Ben D. Fulcher , Joseph T. Lizier

A new method to measure nonlinear dependence between two variables is described using mutual information to analyze the separate linear and nonlinear components of dependence. This technique, which gives an exact value for the proportion of…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2015-12-17 Reginald D. Smith

Understanding and developing a correlation measure that can detect general dependencies is not only imperative to statistics and machine learning, but also crucial to general scientific discovery in the big data age. In this paper, we…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2024-06-27 Cencheng Shen , Carey E. Priebe , Joshua T. Vogelstein

Measuring the correlation (association) between two random variables is one of the important goals in statistical applications. In the literature, the covariance between two random variables is a widely used criterion in measuring the…

Methodology · Statistics 2018-10-30 Majid Asadi , Somayeh Zarezadeh