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We examine the meaning and the complexity of probabilistic logic programs that consist of a set of rules and a set of independent probabilistic facts (that is, programs based on Sato's distribution semantics). We focus on two semantics,…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2017-02-01 Fabio Gagliardi Cozman , Denis Deratani Mauá

In this paper, we address the probabilistic error quantification of a general class of prediction methods. We consider a given prediction model and show how to obtain, through a sample-based approach, a probabilistic upper bound on the…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2021-06-07 Victor Mirasierra , Martina Mammarella , Fabrizio Dabbene , Teodoro Alamo

In this paper, a possibilistic disjunctive logic programming approach for modeling uncertain, incomplete and inconsistent information is defined. This approach introduces the use of possibilistic disjunctive clauses which are able to…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2015-03-19 Juan Carlos Nieves , Mauricio Osorio , Ulises Cortés

Probabilistic programming has become a standard practice to model stochastic events and learn about the behavior of nature in different scientific contexts, ranging from Genetics and Ecology to Linguistics and Psychology. However, domain…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2025-07-10 Guilherme Espada , Alcides Fonseca

Probabilistic Logic Programming (PLP) under the Distribution Semantics is a leading approach to practical reasoning under uncertainty. An advantage of the Distribution Semantics is its suitability for implementation as a Prolog or Python…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2026-01-14 Damiano Azzolini , Fabrizio Riguzzi , Theresa Swift

Usually, probabilistic automata and probabilistic grammars have crisp symbols as inputs, which can be viewed as the formal models of computing with values. In this paper, we first introduce probabilistic automata and probabilistic grammars…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2007-05-23 Yongzhi Cao , Lirong Xia , Mingsheng Ying

Symbolic execution is a powerful program analysis technique that allows for the systematic exploration of all program paths. Path explosion, where the number of states to track becomes unwieldy, is one of the biggest challenges hindering…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-08-12 Joshua Bailey , Charles Nicholas

Numerous neuro-symbolic approaches have recently been proposed typically with the goal of adding symbolic knowledge to the output layer of a neural network. Ideally, such losses maximize the probability that the neural network's predictions…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-03-01 Kareem Ahmed , Kai-Wei Chang , Guy Van den Broeck

Recent authors have proposed analyzing conditional reasoning through a notion of intervention on a simulation program, and have found a sound and complete axiomatization of the logic of conditionals in this setting. Here we extend this…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2018-07-31 Duligur Ibeling

Probabilistic programming systems enable users to encode model structure and naturally reason about uncertainties, which can be leveraged towards improved Bayesian optimization (BO) methods. Here we present a probabilistic program embedding…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2019-02-06 Alexander Lavin

Probabilistic logic programming is increasingly important in artificial intelligence and related fields as a formalism to reason about uncertainty. It generalises logic programming with the possibility of annotating clauses with…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2023-06-22 Tao Gu , Fabio Zanasi

Despite numerous countermeasures proposed by practitioners and researchers, remote control-flow alteration of programs with memory-safety vulnerabilities continues to be a realistic threat. Guaranteeing that complex software is completely…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2017-02-20 Martín Ochoa , Sebastian Banescu , Cynthia Disenfeld , Gilles Barthe , Vijay Ganesh

Probabilistic programming is considered as a framework, in which basic components of cognitive architectures can be represented in unified and elegant fashion. At the same time, necessity of adopting some component of cognitive…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2016-05-05 Alexey Potapov

Neurosymbolic artificial intelligence is a growing field of research aiming to combine neural network learning capabilities with the reasoning abilities of symbolic systems. Informed multi-label classification is a sub-field of…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-01-24 Arthur Ledaguenel , Céline Hudelot , Mostepha Khouadjia

Testing algorithms across a wide range of problem instances is crucial to ensure the validity of any claim about one algorithm's superiority over another. However, when it comes to inference algorithms for probabilistic logic programs,…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2020-09-14 Paulius Dilkas , Vaishak Belle

Essential tasks for the verification of probabilistic programs include bounding expected outcomes and proving termination in finite expected runtime. We contribute a simple yet effective inductive synthesis approach for proving such…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2023-02-09 Kevin Batz , Mingshuai Chen , Sebastian Junges , Benjamin Lucien Kaminski , Joost-Pieter Katoen , Christoph Matheja

The present paper gives a mathematical, in particular, syntax-independent, formulation of intensionality and dynamics of computation in terms of games and strategies. Specifically, we give a game semantics for a higher-order programming…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2021-02-10 Norihiro Yamada , Samson Abramsky

Estimating win probability is one of the classic modeling tasks of sports analytics. Many widely used win probability estimators use machine learning to fit the relationship between a binary win/loss outcome variable and certain game-state…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-08-21 Ryan S. Brill , Ronald Yurko , Abraham J. Wyner

The problem of searching for a model-based scene interpretation is analyzed within a probabilistic framework. Object models are formulated as generative models for range data of the scene. A new statistical criterion, the truncated object…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2007-05-23 Ulrich Hillenbrand , Gerd Hirzinger

Probabilistic model checking is an approach to the formal modelling and analysis of stochastic systems. Over the past twenty five years, the number of different formalisms and techniques developed in this field has grown considerably, as…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2025-09-17 Marta Kwiatkowska , Gethin Norman , David Parker