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The rapid development of generative models for single-cell gene expression data has created an urgent need for standardised evaluation frameworks. Current evaluation practices suffer from inconsistent metric implementations, incomparable…

Genomics · Quantitative Biology 2026-03-13 Andrea Rubbi , Andrea Giuseppe Di Francesco , Mohammad Lotfollahi , Pietro Liò

Until recently, transcriptomics was limited to bulk RNA sequencing, obscuring the underlying expression patterns of individual cells in favor of a global average. Thanks to technological advances, we can now profile gene expression across…

Quantitative Methods · Quantitative Biology 2018-11-30 Miriam Shiffman , William T. Stephenson , Geoffrey Schiebinger , Jonathan Huggins , Trevor Campbell , Aviv Regev , Tamara Broderick

We propose generative neural network methods to generate DNA sequences and tune them to have desired properties. We present three approaches: creating synthetic DNA sequences using a generative adversarial network; a DNA-based variant of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2017-12-19 Nathan Killoran , Leo J. Lee , Andrew Delong , David Duvenaud , Brendan J. Frey

In immunological studies, the characterization of small, functionally distinct cell subsets from blood and tissue is crucial to decipher system level biological changes. An increasing number of studies rely on assays that provide…

Single-cell sequencing technologies have significantly advanced molecular and cellular biology, offering unprecedented insights into cellular heterogeneity by allowing for the measurement of gene expression at an individual cell level.…

Methodology · Statistics 2024-03-26 Junsouk Choi , Hee Cheol Chung , Irina Gaynanova , Yang Ni

In the analysis of single-cell RNA sequencing data, researchers often characterize the variation between cells by estimating a latent variable, such as cell type or pseudotime, representing some aspect of the individual cell's state. They…

Methodology · Statistics 2022-10-19 Anna Neufeld , Lucy L. Gao , Joshua Popp , Alexis Battle , Daniela Witten

Recent advances in technology have enabled the measurement of RNA levels for individual cells. Compared to traditional tissue-level bulk RNA-seq data, single cell sequencing yields valuable insights about gene expression profiles for…

Applications · Statistics 2019-04-16 Lingxue Zhu , Jing Lei , Bernie Devlin , Kathryn Roeder

Recently, ultra high-throughput sequencing of RNA (RNA-Seq) has been developed as an approach for analysis of gene expression. By obtaining tens or even hundreds of millions of reads of transcribed sequences, an RNA-Seq experiment can offer…

Methodology · Statistics 2011-06-17 Julia Salzman , Hui Jiang , Wing Hung Wong

Microarray gene expression data are analyzed by means of a Bayesian nonparametric model, with emphasis on prediction of future observables, yielding a method for selection of differentially expressed genes and a classifier.

Methodology · Statistics 2022-03-09 Paulo C. Marques F. , Carlos A. de B. Pereira

We describe the time evolution of gene expression levels by using a time translational matrix to predict future expression levels of genes based on their expression levels at some initial time. We deduce the time translational matrix for…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2009-11-07 Neal S. Holter , Amos Maritan , Marek Cieplak , Nina V. Fedoroff , Jayanth R. Banavar

RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) is the conventional genome-scale approach used to capture the expression levels of all detectable genes in a biological sample. This is now regularly used for population-based studies designed to identify genetic…

Genomics · Quantitative Biology 2026-05-25 Christopher Thron , Farhad Jafari

Fluctuations in the measured mRNA levels of unperturbed cells under fixed conditions have often been viewed as an impediment to the extraction of information from expression profiles. Here, we argue that such expression fluctuations should…

Molecular Networks · Quantitative Biology 2007-05-23 William W. Chen , Jeremy L. England , Eugene I. Shakhnovich

The discriminative approach to classification using deep neural networks has become the de-facto standard in various fields. Complementing recent reservations about safety against adversarial examples, we show that conventional…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-07-25 William Wang , Angelina Wang , Aviv Tamar , Xi Chen , Pieter Abbeel

Estimating slide- and patch-level gene expression profiles from pathology images enables rapid and low-cost molecular analysis with broad clinical impact. Despite strong results, existing approaches treat gene expression as a mere slide- or…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-20 Kazuya Nishimura , Ryoma Bise , Shinnosuke Matsuo , Haruka Hirose , Yasuhiro Kojima

Popular generative model learning methods such as Generative Adversarial Networks (GANs), and Variational Autoencoders (VAE) enforce the latent representation to follow simple distributions such as isotropic Gaussian. In this paper, we…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-03-15 Cem Subakan , Oluwasanmi Koyejo , Paris Smaragdis

Cataloging the neuronal cell types that comprise circuitry of individual brain regions is a major goal of modern neuroscience and the BRAIN initiative. Single-cell RNA sequencing can now be used to measure the gene expression profiles of…

The RNA-sequencing (RNA-seq) is becoming increasingly popular for quantifying gene expression levels. Since the RNA-seq measurements are relative in nature, between-sample normalization of counts is an essential step in differential…

Methodology · Statistics 2016-10-14 Kefei Liu , Jieping Ye , Yang Yang , Li Shen , Hui Jiang

In order to understand the complexities of cellular biology, researchers are interested in two important metrics: the genetic expression information of cells and their spatial coordinates within a tissue sample. However, state-of-the art…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-11-02 J. Ding , S. N. Zaman , P. Y. Chen , D. Wang

Recent experiments at the level of a single cell have shown that gene expression occurs in abrupt stochastic bursts. Further, in an ensemble of cells, the levels of proteins produced have a bimodal distribution. In a large fraction of…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2009-11-07 Siddhartha Roy , Indrani Bose , Subhrangshu Sekhar Manna

A deep generative model is developed for representation and analysis of images, based on a hierarchical convolutional dictionary-learning framework. Stochastic {\em unpooling} is employed to link consecutive layers in the model, yielding…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2015-12-25 Yunchen Pu , Xin Yuan , Andrew Stevens , Chunyuan Li , Lawrence Carin