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We introduce a new approach to the enumeration of rational slope parking functions with respect to the area and a generalized dinv statistics, and relate the combinatorics of parking functions to that of affine permutations. We relate our…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2016-09-30 Eugene Gorsky , Mikhail Mazin , Monica Vazirani

We consider the notion of classical parking functions by introducing randomness and a new parking protocol, as inspired by the work presented in the paper ``Parking Functions: Choose your own adventure,'' (arXiv:2001.04817) by Carlson,…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2022-11-02 Irfan Durmić , Alex Han , Pamela E. Harris , Rodrigo Ribeiro , Mei Yin

A parking function $(c_1,\ldots,c_n)$ can be viewed as having $n$ cars trying to park on a one-way street with $n$ parking spots, where car $i$ tries to park in spot $c_i$, and otherwise he parks in the leftmost available spot after $c_i$.…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2019-09-24 Sam Spiro

Tiered trees were introduced as a combinatorial object for counting absolutely indecomposable representation of certain quivers and torus orbit of certain homogeneous variety. In this paper, we define a bijection between the set of…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2024-08-07 Biswadeep Bagchi , Srinibas Swain

Parking problems derive from works in combinatorics by Konheim and Weiss in the 1960s. In a memorable contribution, Lackner and Panholzer (2016) studied parking on a random tree and established a phase transition for this process when \(m…

Probability · Mathematics 2025-05-23 Andrej Srakar

In parking problems, a given number of cars enter a one-way street sequentially, and try to park according to a specified preferred spot in the street. Various models are possible depending on the chosen rule for collisions, when two cars…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2023-09-26 Thomas Selig , Haoyue Zhu

Parking functions are tuples that describe the parking of $M$ cars on a street with $M$ parking spots. In this paper, we define exact $k$-typed parking functions ($k$-TPFs) to be a variant of classical parking functions. We then establish…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2026-03-03 Aalliyah Celestine , Jacob van der Leeuw , Lina Liu

We give conditions for when two Euler products are the same given that they satisfy a functional equation and their coefficients are not too large and do not differ from each other by too much. Additionally, we prove a number of…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2025-05-13 David W. Farmer , Ameya Pitale , Nathan C. Ryan , Ralf Schmidt

Let $W$ be an irreducible real reflection group. Armstrong, Reiner, and the author presented a model for parking functions attached to W and made three increasingly strong conjectures about these objects. The author generalized these…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2015-05-18 Brendon Rhoades

In this paper, we complete the enumeration of the number of parking functions of length $n$ avoiding, in the sense defined by Qiu and Remmel, a permutation of length 3, answering several questions of Adeniran and Pudwell. Additionally, we…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2026-05-26 Ben Adenbaum

Classical parking functions are defined as the parking preferences for $n$ cars driving (from west to east) down a one-way street containing parking spaces labeled from $1$ to $n$ (from west to east). Cars drive down the street toward their…

We develop a circular-street argument, in the style of Pollak, to obtain a new proof that there are $C_n = \frac{1}{n+1}\binom{2n}{n}$ weakly increasing parking functions of length $n \geq 1$, where $C_n$ is the $n$th Catalan number.

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2026-04-15 Pamela E. Harris , J. Carlos Martínez Mori , Alexander N. Wilson

Interval parking functions (IPFs) are a generalization of ordinary parking functions in which each car is willing to park only in a fixed interval of spaces. Each interval parking function can be expressed as a pair $(a,b)$, where $a$ is a…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2020-10-30 Emma Colaric , Ryan DeMuse , Jeremy L. Martin , Mei Yin

In this paper, we explore parking distributions on caterpillar trees, focusing on two primary statistics: the number of lucky cars and the frequency with which cars prefer specific parking spaces. We use first-return decomposition to reveal…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-09-03 Amanuel T. Getachew

A parking function on $[n]$ creates a permutation in $S_n$ via the order in which the $n$ cars appear in the $n$ parking spaces. Placing the uniform probability measure on the set of parking functions on $[n]$ induces a probability measure…

Probability · Mathematics 2024-06-19 Ross G. Pinsky

In this paper, we view parking functions viewed as labeled Dyck paths in order to study a notion of pattern avoidance first introduced by Remmel and Qiu. In particular we enumerate the parking functions avoiding any set of two or more…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2023-01-30 Ayomikun Adeniran , Lara Pudwell

The conceptions of $G$-parking functions and $G$-multiparking functions were introduced in [15] and [12] respectively. In this paper, let $G$ be a connected graph with vertex set $\{1,2,...,n\}$ and $m\in V(G)$. We give the definition of…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2008-10-23 Hungyung Chang , Po-Yi Huang , Jun Ma , Yeong-Nan Yeh

We recall the occupancy problem introduced by Konheim & Weiss in 1966 and we consider parking functions as hash maps. Each car $c_i$ prefers parking space $p_i$ (the hash map $c_i \mapsto p_i$ with $c_i$ is a key and $p_i$ an index into an…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2015-03-17 Jean-Baptiste Priez

In this paper we present new results on the enumeration of parking functions and labeled forests. We introduce new statistics on parking functions, which are then extended to labeled forests via bijective correspondences. We determine the…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-07-29 Stephan Wagner , Catherine H. Yan , Mei Yin

This paper studies a generalization of parking functions named $k$-Naples parking functions, where backward movement is allowed. One consequence of backward movement is that the number of ascending $k$-Naples is not the same as the number…