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We study real-time collaborative robot (cobot) handling, where the cobot maneuvers a workpiece under human commands. This is useful when it is risky for humans to directly handle the workpiece. However, it is hard to make the cobot both…

Robotics · Computer Science 2021-12-14 Rui Chen , Alvin Shek , Changliu Liu

Hand guidance emerged from the safety requirements for collaborative robots, namely possessing joint-torque sensors. Since then it has proven to be a powerful tool for easy trajectory programming, allowing lay-users to reprogram robots…

Robotics · Computer Science 2019-08-14 David Puljiz , Erik Stöhr , Katharina S. Riesterer , Björn Hein , Torsten Kröger

This paper presents a method for designing energy-aware collaboration tasks between humans and robots, and generating corresponding trajectories to carry out those tasks. The method involves using high-level specifications expressed as…

Robotics · Computer Science 2023-06-06 Giuseppe Silano , Amr Afifi , Martin Saska , Antonio Franchi

This paper studies real-time collaborative robot (cobot) handling, where the cobot maneuvers an object under human dynamic gesture commands. Enabling dynamic gesture commands is useful when the human needs to avoid direct contact with the…

Robotics · Computer Science 2023-04-14 Rui Chen , Alvin Shek , Changliu Liu

So-called collaborative robots are a current trend in industrial robotics. However, they still face many problems in practical application such as reduced speed to ascertain their collaborativeness. The standards prescribe two regimes: (i)…

Robotics · Computer Science 2020-09-01 Petr Svarny , Michael Tesar , Jan Kristof Behrens , Matej Hoffmann

Direct and natural interaction is essential for intuitive human-robot collaboration, eliminating the need for additional devices such as joysticks, tablets, or wearable sensors. In this paper, we present a lightweight deep learning-based…

Selecting an optimal robot, its base pose, and trajectory for a given task is currently mainly done by human expertise or trial and error. To evaluate automatic approaches to this combined optimization problem, we introduce a benchmark…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-03-22 Matthias Mayer , Jonathan Külz , Matthias Althoff

While augmented reality shows promise for supporting human-robot collaboration, creating such interactive systems still poses great challenges. Addressing this, we introduce ARTHUR, an open-source authoring tool for augmented…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-05-05 Rasmus Lunding , Sebastian Hubenschmid , Tiare Feuchtner , Kaj Grønbæk

Hand-eye calibration is a common problem in the field of collaborative robotics, involving the determination of the transformation matrix between the visual sensor and the robot flange to enable vision-based robotic tasks. However, this…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-05-12 Leihui Li , Lixuepiao Wan , Volker Krueger , Xuping Zhang

How can we enable users to create effective, perception-driven task plans for collaborative robots? We conducted a 35-person user study with the Behavior Tree-based CoSTAR system to determine which strategies for end user creation of…

Robotics · Computer Science 2018-11-08 Chris Paxton , Felix Jonathan , Andrew Hundt , Bilge Mutlu , Gregory D. Hager

Due to high-mix-low-volume production, sheet-metal workshops today are challenged by small series and varying orders. As standard automation solutions tend to fall short, SMEs resort to repetitive manual labour impacting production costs…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-08-20 Martijn Cramer , Yanming Wu , David De Schepper , Eric Demeester

In the near future, collaborative robots (cobots) are expected to play a vital role in the manufacturing and automation sectors. It is predicted that workers will work side by side in collaboration with cobots to surpass fully automated…

Robotics · Computer Science 2020-07-30 Yusuf Aydin , Doganay Sirintuna , Cagatay Basdogan

Hand guidance of robots has proven to be a useful tool both for programming trajectories and in kinesthetic teaching. However hand guidance is usually relegated to robots possessing joint-torque sensors (JTS). Here we propose to extend hand…

Robotics · Computer Science 2019-01-16 David Puljiz , Erik Stöhr , Katharina S. Riesterer , Björn Hein , Torsten Kröger

How can we enable novice users to create effective task plans for collaborative robots? Must there be a tradeoff between generalizability and ease of use? To answer these questions, we conducted a user study with the CoSTAR system, which…

Robotics · Computer Science 2017-03-24 Chris Paxton , Felix Jonathan , Andrew Hundt , Bilge Mutlu , Gregory D. Hager

This article presents a novel multi-agent spatial transformer (MAST) for learning communication policies in large-scale decentralized and collaborative multi-robot systems (DC-MRS). Challenges in collaboration in DC-MRS arise from: (i)…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-09-23 Damian Owerko , Frederic Vatnsdal , Saurav Agarwal , Vijay Kumar , Alejandro Ribeiro

In a multi-robot system, the appropriate allocation of the tasks to the individual robots is a very significant component. The availability of a centralized infrastructure can guarantee an optimal allocation of the tasks. However, in many…

Robotics · Computer Science 2022-09-22 Prabhat Mahato , Sudipta Saha , Chayan Sarkar , Md Shaghil

A robot needs multiple interaction modes to robustly collaborate with a human in complicated industrial tasks. We develop a Coexistence-and-Cooperation (CoCo) human-robot collaboration system. Coexistence mode enables the robot to work with…

In this paper, we introduce ChoiRbot, a toolbox for distributed cooperative robotics based on the novel Robot Operating System (ROS) 2. ChoiRbot provides a fully-functional toolset to execute complex distributed multi-robot tasks, either in…

Robotics · Computer Science 2021-03-15 Andrea Testa , Andrea Camisa , Giuseppe Notarstefano

Enabling robots to work in close proximity to humans necessitates a control framework that does not only incorporate multi-sensory information for autonomous and coordinated interactions but also has perceptive task planning to ensure an…

Recent progress in mixed reality (MR) and robotics is enabling increasingly sophisticated forms of human-robot collaboration. Building on these developments, we introduce a novel MR framework that allows multiple quadruped robots to operate…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-05-29 Tim Engelbracht , Petar Lukovic , Tjark Behrens , Kai Lascheit , René Zurbrügg , Marc Pollefeys , Hermann Blum , Zuria Bauer