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The rapid growth of Internet of Things (IoT) devices has generated vast amounts of data, leading to the emergence of federated learning as a novel distributed machine learning paradigm. Federated learning enables model training at the edge,…

Mathematical morphology is a theory and technique to collect features like geometric and topological structures in digital images. Given a target image, determining suitable morphological operations and structuring elements is a cumbersome…

Learning from graph-structured data is an important task in machine learning and artificial intelligence, for which Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) have shown great promise. Motivated by recent advances in geometric representation learning, we…

Holograms of colloidal particles can be analyzed with the Lorenz-Mie theory of light scattering to measure individual particles' three-dimensional positions with nanometer precision while simultaneously estimating their sizes and refractive…

Inferring topological and geometrical information from data can offer an alternative perspective on machine learning problems. Methods from topological data analysis, e.g., persistent homology, enable us to obtain such information,…

Deep neural networks are widely used prediction algorithms whose performance often improves as the number of weights increases, leading to over-parametrization. We consider a two-layered neural network whose first layer is frozen while the…

Image segmentation is a fundamental and challenging problem in computer vision with applications spanning multiple areas, such as medical imaging, remote sensing, and autonomous vehicles. Recently, convolutional neural networks (CNNs) have…

Entanglement constitutes a key characteristic feature of quantum matter. Its detection, however, still faces major challenges. In this letter, we formulate a framework for probing entanglement based on machine learning techniques. The…

Capturing the dynamics of active particles, i.e., small self-propelled agents that both deform and are deformed by a fluid in which they move is a formidable problem as it requires coupling fine scale hydrodynamics with large scale…

Recent successes in image analysis with deep neural networks are achieved almost exclusively with Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs), typically trained using the backpropagation (BP) algorithm. In a 2022 preprint, Geoffrey Hinton proposed…

Using very long baseline interferometry, the Event Horizon Telescope (EHT) collaboration has resolved the shadows of two supermassive black holes. Model comparison is traditionally performed in image space, where imaging algorithms…

Boundaries constitute a rich playground for quantum many-body systems because they can lead to novel degrees of freedom such as protected boundary states in topological phases. Here, we study the groundstate of integer quantum Hall systems…

We address the problem of accelerating thin-shell deformable object simulations by dimension reduction. We present a new algorithm to embed a high-dimensional configuration space of deformable objects in a low-dimensional feature space,…

In the long-standing quest to reconcile gravity with quantum mechanics, profound connections have been unveiled between concepts traditionally pertaining to quantum information theory, such as entanglement, and constitutive features of…

Federated learning (FL) is a privacy-preserving distributed machine learning paradigm that enables collaborative training among geographically distributed and heterogeneous devices without gathering their data. Extending FL beyond the…

The success of deep convolutional neural network (CNN) in computer vision especially image classification problems requests a new information theory for function of image, instead of image itself. In this article, after establishing a deep…

Finding semantic correspondences is a challenging problem. With the breakthrough of CNNs stronger features are available for tasks like classification but not specifically for the requirements of semantic matching. In the following we…

Deep Neural Networks (DNNs) are generated by sequentially performing linear and non-linear processes. Using a combination of linear and non-linear procedures is critical for generating a sufficiently deep feature space. The majority of…

Quantum simulators have the potential to solve quantum many-body problems that are beyond the reach of classical computers, especially when they feature long-range entanglement. To fulfill their prospects, quantum simulators must be fully…

Real-world data frequently exhibit latent hierarchical structures, which can be naturally represented by hyperbolic geometry. Although recent hyperbolic neural networks have demonstrated promising results, many existing architectures remain…