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We introduce a version of Stein's method of comparison of operators specifically tailored to the problem of bounding the Wasserstein-1 distance between continuous and discrete distributions on the real line. Our approach rests on a new…

Probability · Mathematics 2023-11-03 Gilles Germain , Yvik Swan

A well-known problem in Malliavin calculus concerns the relation between the determinant of the Malliavin matrix of a random vector and the determinant of its covariance matrix. We give an explicit relation between these two determinants…

Probability · Mathematics 2013-02-28 Ciprian Tudor

We extend Stein's method to include dependence with respect to an auxiliary random variable, for conditional laws for which Stein's characterizations do exist.

Probability · Mathematics 2026-05-26 Aleksandar Balašev-Samarski , Abdol-Reza Mansouri

Stein's method has been widely used for probability approximations. However, in the multi-dimensional setting, most of the results are for multivariate normal approximation or for test functions with bounded second- or higher-order…

Probability · Mathematics 2018-08-16 Xiao Fang , Qi-Man Shao , Lihu Xu

The derivation and application of Stein identities have received considerable research interest in recent years, especially for continuous or discrete-univariate distributions. In this paper, we complement the existing literature by…

Methodology · Statistics 2026-03-02 Shaochen Wang , Christian H. Weiß

Gradient estimation -- approximating the gradient of an expectation with respect to the parameters of a distribution -- is central to the solution of many machine learning problems. However, when the distribution is discrete, most common…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2024-04-16 Jiaxin Shi , Yuhao Zhou , Jessica Hwang , Michalis K. Titsias , Lester Mackey

In [NP09a], Nourdin and Peccati established a neat characterization of Gamma approximation on a fixed Wiener chaos in terms of convergence of only the third and fourth cumulants. In this paper, we investigate the rate of convergence in…

Probability · Mathematics 2018-10-24 Ehsan Azmoodeh , Peter Eichelsbacher , Lukas Knichel

We propose a new Stein self-repulsive dynamics for obtaining diversified samples from intractable un-normalized distributions. Our idea is to introduce Stein variational gradient as a repulsive force to push the samples of Langevin dynamics…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-12-16 Mao Ye , Tongzheng Ren , Qiang Liu

We show how the infinitesimal exchangeable pairs approach to Stein's method combines naturally with the theory of Markov semigroups. We present a multivariate normal approximation theorem for functions of a random variable invariant with…

Probability · Mathematics 2025-10-01 David Grzybowski , Mark Meckes

We use Malliavin operators in order to prove quantitative stable limit theorems on the Wiener space, where the target distribution is given by a possibly multidimensional mixture of Gaussian distributions. Our findings refine and generalize…

Probability · Mathematics 2016-02-16 Ivan Nourdin , David Nualart , Giovanni Peccati

In this paper use the Stein method to characterize the $M$-Wright distribution $M_{\frac{1}{3}}$ and its symmetrization. The Stein operator is associated with the general Airy equation and the corresponding Stein equation is nothing but a…

Probability · Mathematics 2020-08-11 José Luís da Silva , Mohamed Erraoui

We build on the formalism developed in [arXiv:1906.08372v1] to propose new representations of solutions to Stein equations. We provide new uniform and non uniform bounds on these solutions (a.k.a.\ Stein factors). We use these…

Probability · Mathematics 2019-11-14 Marie Ernst , Yvik Swan

In this paper, we consider the sums of non-negative integer valued $m$-dependent random variables, and its approximation to the power series distribution. We first discuss some relevant results for power series distribution such as Stein…

Probability · Mathematics 2020-05-05 Amit N. Kumar , Neelesh S. Upadhye , P. Vellaisamy

We extend Stein's lemma for averages that explicitly contain the Gaussian random variable at a power. We present two proofs for this extension of Stein's lemma, with the first being a rigorous proof by mathematical induction. The…

Probability · Mathematics 2022-06-27 Konstantinos Mamis

In this paper, we make a novel connection between Stein's method and noncommutative algebra by viewing polynomial Stein operators (Stein operators with polynomial coefficients) as elements of the first Weyl algebra. Through this connection…

Probability · Mathematics 2025-04-30 Ehsan Azmoodeh , Dario Gasbarra , Robert E. Gaunt

We develop a theory of Malliavin calculus for Banach space valued random variables. Using radonifying operators instead of symmetric tensor products we extend the Wiener-Ito isometry to Banach spaces. In the white noise case we obtain two…

Functional Analysis · Mathematics 2008-02-14 Jan Maas

The problem of estimating a normal covariance matrix is considered from a decision-theoretic point of view, where the dimension of the covariance matrix is larger than the sample size. This paper addresses not only the nonsingular case but…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2015-06-03 Hisayuki Tsukuma

Let $W$ be a random variable with mean zero and variance $\sigma^2$. The distribution of a variate $W^*$, satisfying $EWf(W)=\sigma ^2 Ef'(W^*)$ for smooth functions $f$, exists uniquely and defines the zero bias transformation on the…

Probability · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Larry Goldstein , Gesine Reinert

This monograph provides a rigorous overview of theoretical and methodological aspects of probabilistic inference and learning with Stein's method. Recipes are provided for constructing Stein discrepancies from Stein operators and Stein…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2026-03-10 Qiang Liu , Lester Mackey , Chris Oates

We construct two different Stein characterizations of discrete distributions and use these to provide a natural connection between Stein characterizations for discrete distributions and discrete information functionals.

Probability · Mathematics 2012-01-04 Christophe Ley , Yvik Swan