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Generalising the concept of Bell nonlocality to networks leads to novel forms of correlations, the characterization of which is however challenging. Here we investigate constraints on correlations in networks under the two natural…

We consider general settings of Bell inequality experiments with many parties, where each party chooses from a finite number of measurement settings each with a finite number of outcomes. We investigate the constraints that Bell…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-03-19 Matty J. Hoban , Joel J. Wallman , Dan E. Browne

We provide upper bounds for the cardinality of the value set of a polynomial map in several variables over a finite field. These bounds generalize earlier bounds for univariate polynomials.

Number Theory · Mathematics 2012-10-31 Gary L. Mullen , Daqing Wan , Qiang Wang

Bell's theorem, stating that quantum predictions are incompatible with a local hidden variable description, is a cornerstone of quantum theory and at the center of many quantum information processing protocols. Over the years, different…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-05-27 I. S. Eliëns , S. G. A. Brito , R. Chaves

Bell's theorem is typically understood as the proof that quantum theory is incompatible with local-hidden-variable models. More generally, we can see the violation of a Bell inequality as witnessing the impossibility of explaining quantum…

Networks have advanced the study of nonlocality beyond Bell's theorem. Here, we introduce the concept of full network nonlocality, which describes correlations that necessitate all links in a network to distribute nonlocal resources.…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-01-28 Alejandro Pozas-Kerstjens , Nicolas Gisin , Armin Tavakoli

We introduce Bell inequalities based on covariance, one of the most common measures of correlation. Explicit examples are discussed, and violations in quantum theory are demonstrated. A crucial feature of these covariance Bell inequalities…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2017-12-27 Victor Pozsgay , Flavien Hirsch , Cyril Branciard , Nicolas Brunner

Parties connected to independent sources through a network can generate correlations among themselves. Notably, the space of feasible correlations for a given network, depends on the physical nature of the sources and the measurements…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-02-15 Salman Beigi , Marc-Olivier Renou

We present an invertible map between correlations in any bipartite Bell scenario and behaviours in a family of contextuality scenarios. The map takes local, quantum and non-signalling correlations to non-contextual, quantum and contextual…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-12-06 Victoria J Wright , Máté Farkas

In a quantum network, distant observers sharing physical resources emitted by independent sources can establish strong correlations, which defy any classical explanation in terms of local variables. We discuss the characterization of…

The problem of characterizing classical and quantum correlations in networks is considered. Contrary to the usual Bell scenario, where distant observers share a physical system emitted by one common source, a network features several…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-04-21 Armin Tavakoli , Marc-Olivier Renou , Nicolas Gisin , Nicolas Brunner

In a generic hybrid network, classical, quantum, and no-signaling sources emit local hidden variables, stabilizer states, and no-signaling systems, respectively. We investigate the maximal correlation strength as the non-classical feature…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-01-27 Li-Yi Hsu

Nonlocal correlations created in networks with multiple independent sources enable surprising phenomena in quantum information and quantum foundations. The presence of independent sources, however, makes the analysis of network nonlocality…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-04-21 José Mário da Silva , Alejandro Pozas-Kerstjens , Fernando Parisio

Bell scenarios are multipartite scenarios that exclude any communication between parties. This constraint leads to a strict hierarchy of correlation sets in such scenarios, namely, classical, quantum, and nonsignaling. However, without any…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-05-29 Ravi Kunjwal , Ognyan Oreshkov

As with entanglement, different forms of Bell nonlocality arise in the multipartite scenario. These can be defined in terms of relaxations of the causal assumptions in local hidden-variable theories. However, a characterisation of all the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2017-08-16 Rafael Chaves , Daniel Cavalcanti , Leandro Aolita

We propose a framework for the systematic and quantitative generalization of Bell's theorem using causal networks. We first consider the multi-objective optimization problem of matching observed data while minimizing the causal effect of…

The threshold network model is a type of finite random graphs. In this paper, we introduce a generalized threshold network model. A pair of vertices with random weights is connected by an edge when real-valued functions of the pair of…

Probability · Mathematics 2010-10-12 Yusuke Ide , Norio Konno , Naoki Masuda

Recently Bell-type inequalities were introduced in Phys. Rev. A \textbf{85}, 032119 (2012) to analyze the correlations emerging in an entanglement swapping scenario characterized by independence of the two sources shared between three…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-12-31 Kaushiki Mukherjee , Biswajit Paul , Debasis Sarkar

Since Bell's theorem, it is known that quantum correlations cannot be described by local variables (LV) alone: if one does not want to abandon classical mechanisms for correlations, a superluminal form of communication among the particles…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Valerio Scarani , Nicolas Gisin

Contrary to Bell scenario, quantum nonlocality can be exploited even when all the parties do not have freedom to select inputs randomly. Such manifestation of nonlocality is possible in networks involving independent sources. One can…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-04-20 Kaushiki Mukherjee , Biswajit Paul , Arup Roy
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