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The security of passwords depends on a thorough understanding of the strategies used by attackers. Unfortunately, real-world adversaries use pragmatic guessing tactics like dictionary attacks, which are difficult to simulate in password…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-08-16 Fangyi Yu , Miguel Vargas Martin

The security of passwords is dependent on a thorough understanding of the strategies used by attackers. Unfortunately, real-world adversaries use pragmatic guessing tactics like dictionary attacks, which are difficult to simulate in…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-12-13 Fangyi Yu

Large language models (LLMs) successfully model natural language from vast amounts of text without the need for explicit supervision. In this paper, we investigate the efficacy of LLMs in modeling passwords. We present PassGPT, a LLM…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-06-16 Javier Rando , Fernando Perez-Cruz , Briland Hitaj

"Honeywords" have emerged as a promising defense mechanism for detecting data breaches and foiling offline dictionary attacks (ODA) by deceiving attackers with false passwords. In this paper, we propose PassFilter, a novel deep learning…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-07-25 Jimmy Dani , Brandon McCulloh , Nitesh Saxena

Amidst the surge in deep learning-based password guessing models, challenges of generating high-quality passwords and reducing duplicate passwords persist. To address these challenges, we present PagPassGPT, a password guessing model…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-06-19 Xingyu Su , Xiaojie Zhu , Yang Li , Yong Li , Chi Chen , Paulo Esteves-Veríssimo

Passwords are widely used for user authentication and, despite their weaknesses, will likely remain in use in the foreseeable future. Human-generated passwords typically have a rich structure, which makes them susceptible to guessing…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2013-04-25 Claude Castelluccia , Abdelberi Chaabane , Markus Dürmuth , Daniele Perito

Passwords are the most widely used method of authentication and password guessing is the essential part of password cracking and password security research. The progress of deep learning technology provides a promising way to improve the…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-03-18 Min Jin , Junbin Ye , Rongxuan Shen , Huaxing Lu

Password guessing approaches via deep learning have recently been investigated with significant breakthroughs in their ability to generate novel, realistic password candidates. In the present work we study a broad collection of deep…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-12-18 David Biesner , Kostadin Cvejoski , Bogdan Georgiev , Rafet Sifa , Erik Krupicka

As the primary mechanism of digital authentication, user-created passwords exhibit common patterns and regularities that can be learned from leaked datasets. Password choices are profoundly shaped by external factors, including social…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-10-28 Xudong Yang , Jincheng Li , Kaiwen Xing , Zhenjia Xiao , Mingjian Duan , Weili Han , Hu Xiong

Learning useful representations from unstructured data is one of the core challenges, as well as a driving force, of modern data-driven approaches. Deep learning has demonstrated the broad advantages of learning and harnessing such…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2020-07-28 Dario Pasquini , Ankit Gangwal , Giuseppe Ateniese , Massimo Bernaschi , Mauro Conti

Password security hinges on an in-depth understanding of the techniques adopted by attackers. Unfortunately, real-world adversaries resort to pragmatic guessing strategies such as dictionary attacks that are inherently difficult to model in…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-03-01 Dario Pasquini , Marco Cianfriglia , Giuseppe Ateniese , Massimo Bernaschi

Human-chosen passwords are the a dominant form of authentication systems. Passwords strength estimators are used to help users avoid picking weak passwords by predicting how many attempts a password cracker would need until it finds a given…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2020-05-06 Liron David , Avishai Wool

Considering the rise of cyberattacks incidents worldwide, the need to ensure stronger passwords is necessary. Developing a password strength meter (PSM) can help users create stronger passwords when creating an account on an online…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-03-12 Nikitha M. Palaniappan , Ying He

System passwords serve as critical credentials for user authentication and access control when logging into operating systems or applications. Upon entering a valid password, users pass verification to access system resources and execute…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-02-03 Chaofang Shi , Zhongwen Li , Xiaoqi Li

In recent decades, criminals have increasingly used the web to research, assist and perpetrate criminal behaviour. One of the most important ways in which law enforcement can battle this growing trend is through accessing pertinent…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2020-12-03 Aikaterini Kanta , Iwen Coisel , Mark Scanlon

Password guessers are instrumental for assessing the strength of passwords. Despite their diversity and abundance, little is known about how different guessers compare to each other. We perform in-depth analyses and comparisons of the…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-02-23 Zach Parish , Connor Cushing , Shourya Aggarwal , Amirali Salehi-Abari , Julie Thorpe

The promising performance of Deep Neural Networks (DNNs) in text classification, has attracted researchers to use them for fraud review detection. However, the lack of trusted labeled data has limited the performance of the current…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-03-18 Saeedreza Shehnepoor , Roberto Togneri , Wei Liu , Mohammed Bennamoun

Honeywords are decoy passwords that can be added to a credential database; if a login attempt uses a honeyword, this indicates that the site's credential database has been leaked. In this paper we explore the basic requirements for…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-03-07 Zonghao Huang , Lujo Bauer , Michael K. Reiter

Textual passwords are still the most widely used user authentication mechanism. Due to the close connections between textual passwords and natural languages, advanced technologies in natural language processing (NLP) and machine learning…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-07-22 Yangde Wang , Haozhang Li , Weidong Qiu , Shujun Li , Peng Tang

Honeywords are fictitious passwords inserted into databases in order to identify password breaches. The major difficulty is how to produce honeywords that are difficult to distinguish from real passwords. Although the generation of…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2022-08-24 Fangyi Yu , Miguel Vargas Martin
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