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The primary visual cortex processes a large amount of visual information, however, due to its large receptive fields, when multiple stimuli fall within one receptive field, there are computational problems. To solve this problem, the visual…

The thalamus is the major gate to the cortex and its contribution to cortical receptive field properties is well established. Cortical feedback to the thalamus is, in turn, the anatomically dominant input to relay cells, yet its influence…

Neural correlations during a cognitive task are central to study brain information processing and computation. However, they have been poorly analyzed due to the difficulty of recording simultaneous single neurons during task performance.…

Anterior insula (AI) and dACC are known to process information about pain, loss, adversities, bad, harmful or suboptimal choices and consequences that threaten survival or well-being. Pain and loss activate also pregenual ACC (pgACC),…

We propose an end-to-end deep neural encoder-decoder model to encode and decode brain activity in response to naturalistic stimuli using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) data. Leveraging temporally correlated input from…

Cognition is supported by neurophysiological processes that occur both in local anatomical neighborhoods and in distributed large-scale circuits. Recent evidence from network control theory suggests that white matter pathways linking…

Effective memory management is essential for large language model agents to navigate long-horizon tasks. Recent research has explored using Reinforcement Learning to develop specialized memory manager agents. However, existing approaches…

Driving behavior modeling is of great importance for designing safe, smart, and personalized autonomous driving systems. In this paper, an internal reward function-based driving model that emulates the human's decision-making mechanism is…

Humans and animals exhibit a range of interesting behaviors in dynamic environments, and it is unclear how our brains actively reformat this dense sensory information to enable these behaviors. Experimental neuroscience is undergoing a…

Reinforcement Learning from Human Feedback (RLHF) reward models exhibit systematic failures on longtail distributions, leading to reward hacking and misalignment. We propose a mechanistic interpretability framework that identifies…

Animal behavior is driven by multiple brain regions working in parallel with distinct control policies. We present a biologically plausible model of off-policy reinforcement learning in the basal ganglia, which enables learning in such an…

Since the earliest electroencephalography experiments, large scale oscillations have been observed in the mammalian brain. More recently, episodes of oscillation and bursting have been identified not only in the cerebral cortex and…

The cerebellum plays a distinctive role within our motor control system to achieve fine and coordinated motions. While cerebellar lesions do not lead to a complete loss of motor functions, both action and perception are severally impacted.…

When selective attention is devoted to one of multiple stimuli within receptive fields of neurons in visual area V4, cells respond as if only the attended stimulus was present. The underlying neural mechanisms are still debated, but…

Models of neural responses to stimuli with complex spatiotemporal correlation structure often assume that neurons are only selective for a small number of linear projections of a potentially high-dimensional input. Here we explore recent…

Here we test our conceptual understanding of V1 function by asking two experimental questions: 1) How do neurons respond to the spatiotemporal structure contained in dynamic, natural scenes? and 2) What is the true range of visual…

Designing an effective reward function has long been a challenge in reinforcement learning, particularly for complex tasks in unstructured environments. To address this, various learning paradigms have emerged that leverage different forms…

A sudden change in dynamics produces large errors leading to increases in muscle co-contraction and feedback gains during early adaptation. We previously proposed that internal model uncertainty drives these changes, whereby the…

How dynamic interactions between nervous system regions in mammals performs online motor control remains an unsolved problem. In this paper we show that feedback control is a simple, yet powerful way to understand the neural dynamics of…

The posterior parietal cortex (PPC) has a unique role in memory retrieval: fMRI and electrocorticography studies suggest that within the ventral PPC (VPC) specifically, there is an anterior-posterior functional divergence between…