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In the regime of Galton-Watson trees, first order logic statements are roughly equivalent to examining the presence of specific finite subtrees. We consider the space of all trees with Poisson offspring distribution and show that such…

Probability · Mathematics 2016-12-06 Joel Spencer , Moumanti Podder

Consider a sequence $\{(X_{i}, Y_{i})\}$ of independent and identically distributed random vectors, with joint distribution bivariate Sarmanov. This is a natural set-up for discrete time financial risk models with insurance risks. Of…

Probability · Mathematics 2016-04-19 Krishanu Maulik , Moumanti Podder

The celebrated formula of Otter \emph{[Ann. of Math. (2) 49 (1948), 583--599]} asserts that the complete graph contains exponentially many non-isomorphic spanning trees. In this paper, we show that every connected almost regular graph with…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2026-01-13 Hyunwoo Lee

We consider unimodular random rooted trees (URTs) and invariant forests in Cayley graphs. We show that URTs of bounded degree are the same as the law of the component of the root in an invariant percolation on a regular tree. We use this to…

Probability · Mathematics 2019-02-20 Itai Benjamini , Russell Lyons , Oded Schramm

We study a particular type of subcritical Galton--Watson trees, which are called non-generic trees in the physics community. In contrast with the critical or supercritical case, it is known that condensation appears in certain large…

Probability · Mathematics 2018-02-19 Igor Kortchemski

We establish a novel bijective encoding that represents permutations as forests of decorated (or enriched) trees. This allows us to prove local convergence of uniform random permutations from substitution-closed classes satisfying a…

Probability · Mathematics 2020-07-01 Jacopo Borga , Mathilde Bouvel , Valentin Féray , Benedikt Stufler

Let $R_n$ be the range of a critical branching random walk with $n$ particles on $\mathbb Z^d$, which is the set of sites visited by a random walk indexed by a critical Galton--Watson tree conditioned on having exactly $n$ vertices. For…

Probability · Mathematics 2023-07-27 Tianyi Bai , Yueyun Hu

By considering a continuous pruning procedure on Aldous's Brownian tree, we construct a random variable $\Theta$ which is distributed, conditionally given the tree, according to the probability law introduced by Janson as the limit…

Probability · Mathematics 2013-05-14 Romain Abraham , Jean-François Delmas

We study the asymptotic behaviour of once-reinforced biased random walk (ORbRW) on Galton-Watson trees. Here the underlying (unreinforced) random walk has a bias towards or away from the root. We prove that in the setting of multiplicative…

Probability · Mathematics 2018-08-07 Andrea Collevecchio , Mark Holmes , Daniel Kious

Let $T$ be a tree on $n$ vertices. We can regard the edges of $T$ as transpositions of the vertex set; their product (in any order) is a cyclic permutation. All possible cyclic permutations arise (each exactly once) if and only if the tree…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2020-10-29 Peter J. Cameron , Liam Stott

The classes of tree permutations and forest permutations were defined by Acan and Hitczenko (2016). We study random permutations of a given length from these classes, and in particular the number of occurrences of a fixed pattern in one of…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2022-03-10 Svante Janson

Additive tree functionals allow to represent the cost of many divide-and-conquer algorithms. We give an invariance principle for such tree functionals for the Catalan model (random tree uniformly distributed among the full binary ordered…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2016-09-09 Jean-François Delmas , Jean-Stéphane Dhersin , Marion Sciauveau

Local convergence of bounded degree graphs was introduced by Benjamini and Schramm. This result was extended further by Lyons to bounded average degree graphs. In this paper we study the convergence of random tree sequences with given…

Probability · Mathematics 2014-08-07 Attila Deák

The generalized degree polynomial $\mathbf{G}_T(x,y,z)$ of a tree $T$ is an invariant introduced by Crew that enumerates subsets of vertices by size and number of internal and boundary edges. Aliste-Prieto et al. proved that $\mathbf{G}_T$…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2026-01-15 Ricky Ini Liu , Michael Tang

We give a short proof of Cayley's tree formula for counting the number of different labeled trees on $n$ vertices. The following nonlinear recursive relation for the number of labeled trees on $n$ vertices is deduced from a combinatorial…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2022-12-22 Alok Bhushan Shukla

The simple Galton--Watson process describes populations where individuals live one season and are then replaced by a random number of children. It can also be viewed as a way of generating random trees, each vertex being an individual of…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2008-11-17 Peter Jagers , Serik Sagitov

We consider the randomly biased random walk on trees in the slow movement regime as in [HS16], whose potential is given by a branching random walk in the boundary case. We study the heavy range up to the $n$-th return to the root, i.e., the…

Probability · Mathematics 2020-09-30 Xinxin Chen

We show, under natural conditions, that uniform rooted trees with fixed degree sequence converge after renormalization toward inhomogeneous continuum random trees (ICRT). We also provide a sharp upper-bound for the tail of their heights. We…

Probability · Mathematics 2025-12-23 Arthur Blanc-Renaudie

We give a realization of the stable L\'evy forest of a given size conditioned by its mass from the path of the unconditioned forest. Then, we prove an invariance principle for this conditioned forest by considering $k$ independent…

Probability · Mathematics 2007-06-19 Loic Chaumont , Juan Carlos Pardo Millan

Let $\mathcal{B}$ be the set of rooted trees containing an infinite binary subtree starting at the root. This set satisfies the metaproperty that a tree belongs to it if and only if its root has children $u$ and $v$ such that the subtrees…

Probability · Mathematics 2020-06-11 Tobias Johnson , Moumanti Podder , Fiona Skerman