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Globalization of graphic designs such as those used in marketing materials and magazines is increasingly important for communication to broad audiences. To accomplish this, the textual content in the graphic designs needs to be accurately…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-30 Deergh Singh Budhauria , Sanyam Jain , Rishav Agarwal , Tracy King

Neural machine translation (NMT) has achieved notable success in recent times, however it is also widely recognized that this approach has limitations with handling infrequent words and word pairs. This paper presents a novel…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2017-08-08 Yang Feng , Shiyue Zhang , Andi Zhang , Dong Wang , Andrew Abel

This paper proposes a hierarchical attentional neural translation model which focuses on enhancing source-side hierarchical representations by covering both local and global semantic information using a bidirectional tree-based encoder. To…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2017-07-18 Baosong Yang , Derek F. Wong , Tong Xiao , Lidia S. Chao , Jingbo Zhu

Current state-of-the-art neural machine translation (NMT) uses a deep multi-head self-attention network with no explicit phrase information. However, prior work on statistical machine translation has shown that extending the basic…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-09-06 Jie Hao , Xing Wang , Shuming Shi , Jinfeng Zhang , Zhaopeng Tu

Transformer is a ubiquitous model for natural language processing and has attracted wide attentions in computer vision. The attention maps are indispensable for a transformer model to encode the dependencies among input tokens. However,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-02-26 Yujing Wang , Yaming Yang , Jiangang Bai , Mingliang Zhang , Jing Bai , Jing Yu , Ce Zhang , Gao Huang , Yunhai Tong

Although Transformers with fully connected self-attentions are powerful to model long-term dependencies, they are struggling to scale to long texts with thousands of words in language modeling. One of the solutions is to equip the model…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-04-27 Haozhe Ji , Rongsheng Zhang , Zhenyu Yang , Zhipeng Hu , Minlie Huang

We propose a neural machine translation architecture that models the surrounding text in addition to the source sentence. These models lead to better performance, both in terms of general translation quality and pronoun prediction, when…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2017-04-19 Sebastien Jean , Stanislas Lauly , Orhan Firat , Kyunghyun Cho

We introduced a {\it working memory} augmented adaptive controller in our recent work. The controller uses attention to read from and write to the working memory. Attention allows the controller to read specific information that is relevant…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-03-23 Deepan Muthirayan , Scott Nivison , Pramod P. Khargonekar

Answering multi-hop reasoning questions requires retrieving and synthesizing information from diverse sources. Language models (LMs) struggle to perform such reasoning consistently. We propose an approach to pinpoint and rectify multi-hop…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-11-11 Mansi Sakarvadia

Recent advancements in Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) have demonstrated remarkable progress in visual understanding. This impressive leap raises a compelling question: how can language models, initially trained solely on…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-11-12 Jing Bi , Junjia Guo , Yunlong Tang , Lianggong Bruce Wen , Zhang Liu , Chenliang Xu

Attention mechanisms are ubiquitous components in neural architectures applied to natural language processing. In addition to yielding gains in predictive accuracy, attention weights are often claimed to confer interpretability, purportedly…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-04-08 Danish Pruthi , Mansi Gupta , Bhuwan Dhingra , Graham Neubig , Zachary C. Lipton

Pre-training and fine-tuning have achieved great success in the natural language process field. The standard paradigm of exploiting them includes two steps: first, pre-training a model, e.g. BERT, with a large scale unlabeled monolingual…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-12-05 Rongxiang Weng , Heng Yu , Shujian Huang , Shanbo Cheng , Weihua Luo

In this paper, we present our first attempts in building a multilingual Neural Machine Translation framework under a unified approach. We are then able to employ attention-based NMT for many-to-many multilingual translation tasks. Our…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2016-11-16 Thanh-Le Ha , Jan Niehues , Alexander Waibel

The transformer is the most popular neural architecture for language modeling. The cornerstone of the transformer is its global attention mechanism, which lets the model aggregate information from all preceding tokens before generating the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-20 Jiaoda Li , Ryan Cotterell

Simultaneous machine translation models start generating a target sequence before they have encoded or read the source sequence. Recent approaches for this task either apply a fixed policy on a state-of-the art Transformer model, or a…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-09-30 Xutai Ma , Juan Pino , James Cross , Liezl Puzon , Jiatao Gu

Neural machine translation (NMT) generates the next target token given as input the previous ground truth target tokens during training while the previous generated target tokens during inference, which causes discrepancy between training…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-07-22 Kaitao Song , Xu Tan , Jianfeng Lu

Transfer learning approaches for Neural Machine Translation (NMT) train a NMT model on the assisting-target language pair (parent model) which is later fine-tuned for the source-target language pair of interest (child model), with the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-04-11 Rudra Murthy , Anoop Kunchukuttan , Pushpak Bhattacharyya

Auto-regressive sequence-to-sequence models with attention mechanism have achieved state-of-the-art performance in many tasks such as machine translation and speech synthesis. These models can be difficult to train. The standard approach,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-10-04 Qingyun Dou , Yiting Lu , Joshua Efiong , Mark J. F. Gales

Neural Machine Translation (NMT) models usually use large target vocabulary sizes to capture most of the words in the target language. The vocabulary size is a big factor when decoding new sentences as the final softmax layer normalizes…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2017-06-14 Baskaran Sankaran , Markus Freitag , Yaser Al-Onaizan

The state of the art in machine translation (MT) is governed by neural approaches, which typically provide superior translation accuracy over statistical approaches. However, on the closely related task of word alignment, traditional…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-09-06 Sarthak Garg , Stephan Peitz , Udhyakumar Nallasamy , Matthias Paulik