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We report an uncertainty evaluation of an $^{171}$Yb optical lattice clock with a total fractional uncertainty of $3.6\times10^{-16}$, which is mainly limited by the lattice-induced light shift and the blackbody radiation shift. Our…

Optical clocks with unprecedented accuracy of 10^(-18) will lead to innovations in many research areas. All the applications of optical clocks rely on the ability of precisely converting the frequency from one optical clock to another, or…

Optics · Physics 2016-10-20 Yuan Yao , Yanyi Jiang , Hongfu Yu , Zhiyi Bi , Longsheng Ma

We evaluated the accuracy limit for estimating gravitational potential using optical lattice clocks by utilizing the quantum Cram\'{e}r--Rao bound. We then compared the results for single-layer and multilayer optical lattice clocks. The…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-08-08 Fumiya Nishimura , Yui Kuramochi , Kazuhiro Yamamoto

We describe an optical atomic clock based on quantum-logic spectroscopy of the $^1$S$_0$ $\leftrightarrow$ $^3$P$_0$ transition in $^{27}$Al$^{+}$ with a systematic uncertainty of ${9.4 \times 10^{-19}}$ and a frequency stability of…

Optical molecular clocks promise unparalleled sensitivity to the temporal variation of the electron-to-proton mass ratio and insight into possible new physics beyond the Standard Model. We propose to realize a molecular clock with bosonic…

Atomic Physics · Physics 2018-02-26 Mateusz Borkowski

Atomic lattice clocks have spurred numerous ideas for tests of fundamental physics, detection of general relativistic effects, and studies of interacting many-body systems. On the other hand, molecular structure and dynamics offer rich…

Atomic Physics · Physics 2019-11-12 S. S. Kondov , C. -H. Lee , K. H. Leung , C. Liedl , I. Majewska , R. Moszynski , T. Zelevinsky

We discuss the minimization of the Dick effect in an optical lattice clock. We show that optimizing the time sequence of operation of the clock can lead to a significant reduction of the clock stability degradation by the frequency noise of…

Atomic Physics · Physics 2013-07-17 Philip G. Westergaard , Jerome Lodewyck , Pierre Lemonde

Controlling the Stark perturbation from ambient thermal radiation is key to advancing the performance of many atomic frequency standards, including state-of-the-art optical lattice clocks (OLCs). We demonstrate a cryogenic OLC that utilizes…

An ultra-stable optical clock based on coherent population trapping effect of alkaline-earth ions, such as Ca$^+$, Sr$^+$, Ba$^+$, is analyzed here. The proposed transitions use the odd isotopes, so that the frequency shift is insensitive…

Optics · Physics 2009-04-03 Z. H. Lu , L. J. Wang

The performance of optical clocks has strongly progressed in recent years, and accuracies and instabilities of 1 part in 10^18 are expected in the near future. The operation of optical clocks in space provides new scientific and…

Optical atomic clocks with unrivaled precision and accuracy have advanced the frontier of precision measurement science and opened new avenues for exploring fundamental physics. A fundamental limitation on clock precision is the Standard…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-11-11 Y. A. Yang , Maya Miklos , Yee Ming Tso , Stella Kraus , Joonseok Hur , Jun Ye

We report an optical lattice clock with a total systematic uncertainty of $8.1 \times 10^{-19}$ in fractional frequency units, representing the lowest uncertainty of any clock to date. The clock relies on interrogating the ultra-narrow…

Atomic Physics · Physics 2024-07-23 Alexander Aeppli , Kyungtae Kim , William Warfield , Marianna S. Safronova , Jun Ye

While optical clock technology has advanced rapidly in recent years, incorporating the technology into operational timescales has progressed more slowly. The highest accuracy frequency standards for groundbreaking measurements do not easily…

Atomic Physics · Physics 2024-12-23 S. Peil , W. Tobias , J. Whalen , B. Hemingway , T. G. Akin

We present the design of a compact optical clock based on the $^2S_{1/2} \rightarrow ^2D_{3/2}$ 435.5 nm transition in $^{171}$Yb$^+$. The ion trap will be based on a micro-fabricated circuit, with surface electrodes generating a trapping…

We present a new evaluation of an 87Sr optical lattice clock using spin polarized atoms. The frequency of the 1S0-3P0 clock transition is found to be 429 228 004 229 873.6 Hz with a fractional accuracy of 2.6 10^{-15}, a value that is…

Optical lattice clocks of fermionic strontium offer a versatile platform for probing fundamental physics and developing quantum technologies. The bivalent electronic structure of strontium gives rise to a doubly-forbidden atomic transition…

Atomic Physics · Physics 2026-04-17 G. Kestler , R. J. Sedlik , E. C. Trapp , M. S. Safronova , J. T. Barreiro

An atom exposed to an electric field will experience Stark shifts of its internal energy levels, proportional to their polarizabilities. In optical frequency metrology, the Stark shift due to background black-body radiation (BBR) modifies…

Additional clock transitions of ytterbium atoms based on inner-shell orbital transition could benefit the search for new physics beyond the Standard Model. Observation of these transitions with high resolution is a prerequisite for making…

Atomic Physics · Physics 2026-01-21 Yao Yuan , Wang Congyu , Zou Jinpeng , Shi Haosen , Xin Yuqing , Ma Longsheng , Jiang Yanyi

To operate an optical lattice clock at a fractional uncertainty below $10^{-17}$, one must typically consider not only electric-dipole (E1) interaction between an atom and the lattice light field when characterizing the resulting lattice…

Atomic Physics · Physics 2022-10-27 Sören Dörscher , Joshua Klose , Sarath Maratha Palli , Christian Lisdat

Optical atomic clocks have already overcome the eighteenth decimal digit of instability and uncertainty demonstrating incredible control over external perturbations of the clock transition frequency. At the same time there is an increasing…