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The Tor network provides users with strong anonymity by routing their internet traffic through multiple relays. While Tor encrypts traffic and hides IP addresses, it remains vulnerable to traffic analysis attacks such as the website…

Despite the great developments in information technology, particularly the Internet, computer networks, global information exchange, and its positive impact in all areas of daily life, it has also contributed to the development of…

Traditional intrusion detection systems (IDSs) often rely on either network traffic or process data, but this single-source approach may miss complex attack patterns that span multiple layers within industrial control systems (ICSs) or…

The effectiveness of network intrusion detection systems, predominantly based on machine learning, are highly influenced by the dataset they are trained on. Ensuring an accurate reflection of the multifaceted nature of benign and malicious…

Network Intrusion Detection Systems (NIDSs) detect intrusion attacks in network traffic. In particular, machine-learning-based NIDSs have attracted attention because of their high detection rates of unknown attacks. A distributed processing…

Network Intrusion Detection Systems (NIDS) are essential for securing networks by identifying and mitigating unauthorized activities indicative of cyberattacks. As cyber threats grow increasingly sophisticated, NIDS must evolve to detect…

Federated learning is a technique of decentralized machine learning. that allows multiple parties to collaborate and learn a shared model without sharing their raw data. Our paper proposes a federated learning framework for intrusion…

In the very last years, cybersecurity attacks have increased at an unprecedented pace, becoming ever more sophisticated and costly. Their impact has involved both private/public companies and critical infrastructures. At the same time, due…

In recent times, the research works relating to smart traffic infrastructure have gained serious attention. As a result, research has been carried out in multiple directions to ensure that such infrastructure can improve upon our existing…

HTTPS is quickly rising alongside the need of Internet users to benefit from security and privacy when accessing the Web, and it becomes the predominant application protocol on the Internet. This migration towards a secure Web using HTTPS…

Controller Area Network bus systems within vehicular networks are not equipped with the tools necessary to ward off and protect themselves from modern cyber-security threats. Work has been done on using machine learning methods to detect…

Smart grid is an alternative solution of the conventional power grid which harnesses the power of the information technology to save the energy and meet today's environment requirements. Due to the inherent vulnerabilities in the…

The rapid proliferation of unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) and their applications in diverse domains, such as surveillance, disaster management, agriculture, and defense, have revolutionized modern technology. While the potential benefits…

DoS and DDoS attacks have been growing in size and number over the last decade and existing solutions to mitigate these attacks are in general inefficient. Compared to other types of malicious cyber attacks, DoS and DDoS attacks are…

Distributed Denial of Service attacks have become a significant threat to industries and governments leading to substantial financial losses. With the growing reliance on internet services, DDoS attacks can disrupt services by overwhelming…

Internet of Things (IoT) defines a network of devices connected to the internet and sharing a massive amount of data between each other and a central location. These IoT devices are connected to a network therefore prone to attacks. Various…

The rapidly expanding Internet of Things (IoT) landscape is shifting toward cloudless architectures, removing reliance on centralized cloud services but exposing devices directly to the internet and increasing their vulnerability to…

Class-of-service (CoS) network traffic classification (NTC) classifies a group of similar traffic applications. The CoS classification is advantageous in resource scheduling for Internet service providers and avoids the necessity of…

Network Intrusion Detection Systems (NIDS) are essential for protecting computer networks from malicious activities, including Denial of Service (DoS), Probing, User-to-Root (U2R), and Remote-to-Local (R2L) attacks. Without effective NIDS,…

nformation security is an issue of global concern. As the Internet is delivering great convenience and benefits to the modern society, the rapidly increasing connectivity and accessibility to the Internet is also posing a serious threat to…