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Steiner triple systems (STSs) have been classified up to order 19. Earlier estimations of the number of isomorphism classes of STSs of order 21, the smallest open case, are discouraging as for classification, so it is natural to focus on…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2023-06-22 Daniel Heinlein , Patric R. J. Östergård

The smallest open case for classifying Steiner triple systems is order 21. A Steiner triple system of order 21, an STS(21), can have subsystems of orders 7 and 9, and it is known that there are 12,661,527,336 isomorphism classes of STS(21)s…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2022-08-25 Daniel Heinlein , Patric R. J. Östergård

In this paper, we study the problem of finding the largest possible set of s points and s blocks in a Steiner triple system of order v, such that that none of the s points lie on any of the s blocks. We prove that s \leq (2v+5 -…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2011-09-20 Douglas R. Stinson

In a recent work, Jungnickel, Magliveras, Tonchev, and Wassermann derived an overexponential lower bound on the number of nonisomorphic resolvable Steiner triple systems (STS) of order $v$, where $v=3^k$, and $3$-rank $v-k$. We develop an…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2020-05-25 Minjia Shi , Li Xu , Denis S. Krotov

Via computer search, we found seven non-isomorphic $1$-rotational Steiner systems $S(2,6,226)$ and six point-transitive Steiner systems $S(2,6,441)$, resolving two of $29$ previously undecided cases for $S(2,6,v)$.

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2026-05-20 Taras Banakh , Ivan Hetman , Alex Ravsky

In the paper we study the structure of hyperplanes of so called binomial partial Steiner triple systems (BSTS's, in short) i.e. of configurations with $\binom{n}{2}$ points and $\binom{n}{3}$ lines, each line of the size $3$. Consequently,…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2015-08-26 Krzysztof Petelczyc , Małgorzata Prażmowska , Krzysztof Prażmowski

An l-good sequencing of a Steiner triple system of order v, STS(v), is a permutation of the points of the system such that no l consecutive points in the permutation contains a block. It is known that every STS(v) with v > 3 has a 3-good…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2022-04-07 Grahame Erskine , Terry Griggs

A Steiner triple system, STS$(v)$, is a family of $3$-subsets (blocks) of a set of $v$ elements such that any two elements occur together in precisely one block. A collection of triples consisting of two copies of each block of an STS is…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-04-24 Peter J. Dukes , Esther R. Lamken

The $p$-rank of a Steiner triple system $B$ is the dimension of the linear span of the set of characteristic vectors of blocks of $B$, over GF$(p)$. We derive a formula for the number of different Steiner triple systems of order $v$ and…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2021-03-09 Minjia Shi , Li Xu , Denis S. Krotov

The concept of Schreier extensions of loops was introduced in the general case in [11] and, more recently, it has been explored in the context of Steiner loops in [6]. In the latter case, it gives a powerful method for constructing Steiner…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-01-09 Mario Galici , Giuseppe Filippone

A Steiner triple system STS$(v)$ is called $f$-pyramidal if it has an automorphism group fixing $f$ points and acting sharply transitively on the remaining $v-f$ points. In this paper, we focus on the STSs that are $f$-pyramidal over some…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2026-05-06 Yanxun Chang , Tommaso Traetta , Junling Zhou

A partial Steiner triple system is is $sequenceable$ if the points can be sequenced so that no proper segment can be partitioned into blocks. We show that, if $0 \leq a \leq (n-1)/3$, then there exists a nonsequenceable PSTS$(n)$ of size…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2019-03-22 Donald L. Kreher , Douglas R. Stinson

A design is said to be $f$-pyramidal when it has an automorphism group which fixes $f$ points and acts sharply transitively on all the others. The problem of establishing the set of values of $v$ for which there exists an $f$-pyramidal…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2016-04-01 Marco Buratti , Gloria Rinaldi , Tommaso Traetta

Let STS(n) denote the number of Steiner triple systems on n vertices, and let F(n) denote the number of 1-factorizations of the complete graph on n vertices. We prove the following upper bound. STS(n) <= ((1 + o(1)) (n/e^2))^(n^2/6) F(n) <=…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2011-10-13 Nathan Linial , Zur Luria

We propose a new approach to studies on partial Steiner triple systems consisting in determining complete graphs contained in them. We establish the structure which complete graphs yield in a minimal PSTS that contains them. As a by-product…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2014-10-30 M. Prażmowska , K. Prażmowski

Properties of the 62,336,617 Steiner triple systems of order 21 with a non-trivial automorphism group are examined. In particular, there are 28 which have no parallel class, six that are 4-chromatic, five that are 3-balanced, 20 that avoid…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2024-01-25 Grahame Erskine , Terry S. Griggs

Given an STS(v), we ask if there is a permutation of the points of the design such that no $\ell$ consecutive points in this permutation contain a block of the design. Results are obtained in the cases $\ell = 3,4$.

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2019-02-15 Donald L. Kreher , Douglas R. Stinson

A Kirkman triple system of order $v$, KTS$(v)$, is a resolvable Steiner triple system on $v$ elements. In this paper, we investigate an open problem posed by Doug Stinson, namely the existence of KTS$(v)$ which contain as a subdesign a…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2021-10-18 Peter Dukes , Esther Lamken

We prove several structural properties of Steiner triple systems (STS) of order 3w+3 that include one or more transversal subdesigns TD(3,w). Using an exhaustive search, we find that there are 2004720 isomorphism classes of STS(21)…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2020-06-23 Yue Guan , Minjia Shi , Denis S. Krotov

The existence of Steiner triple systems STS(n) of order n containing no nontrivial subsystem is well known for every admissible n. We generalize this result in two ways. First we define the expander property of 3-uniform hypergraphs and…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2020-03-10 Zoltán L. Blázsik , Zoltán Lóránt Nagy
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