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The rotational properties of astrophysical black holes are fundamental quantities that characterization the black holes. A new method to empirically determine the spin mass-energy characteristics of astrophysical black holes is presented…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2022-10-26 Ruth A. Daly

The two established techniques for measuring black hole spin in X-ray binaries often yield conflicting results, which must be resolved before either method may be deemed robust. In practice, black hole spin measurements based on fitting the…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2020-11-23 Greg Salvesen , Jonah M. Miller

In this paper, we continue our study of the motion of spinning test bodies orbiting Kerr black holes. Non-spinning test bodies follow geodesics of the spacetime in which they move. A test body's spin couples to the curvature of that…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2022-07-13 Lisa V. Drummond , Scott A. Hughes

We review current challenges in understanding the values and origin of the spins of black holes in binaries. Thanks to recent advances in astrophysical instrumentation, the spins can now be measured using both gravitational waves emitted by…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2026-02-06 Andrzej A. Zdziarski , Gregoire Marcel , Alexandra Veledina , Aleksandra Olejak , Debora Lancova

The black hole spacetime is described by general relativity and characterized by two quantities: the black hole mass and spin. Black hole spin measurement requires information from the vicinity of the event horizon, which is spatially…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2020-01-08 Kotaro Moriyama , Shin Mineshige , Mareki Honma , Kazunori Akiyama

Supermassive black holes at the center of each galaxy may be surrounded by dark matter. Such dark matter admits a spike structure and vanishes at a certain distance from the black hole. This dark matter will impact the spacetime near the…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2023-08-02 Yuqian Zhao , Bing Sun , Kai Lin , Zhoujian Cao

Supermassive black holes may be described by their mass and spin. When supermassive black holes are active, the activity provides a probe of the state of the black hole system. The spin of a hole can be estimated when the black hole mass…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-18 Ruth A. Daly , Trevor B. Sprinkle

We present a study of spinning black hole binaries focusing on the spin dynamics of the individual black holes as well as on the gravitational recoil acquired by the black hole produced by the merger. We consider two series of initial spin…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2008-11-26 Frank Herrmann , Ian Hinder , Deirdre M. Shoemaker , Pablo Laguna , Richard A. Matzner

This paper is concerned with several not-quantum aspects of black holes, with emphasis on theoretical and mathematical issues related to numerical modeling of black hole space-times. Part of the material has a review character, but some new…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2007-05-23 Piotr T. Chrusciel

Binary black-hole systems are expected to be important sources of gravitational waves for upcoming gravitational-wave detectors. If the spins are not colinear with each other or with the orbital angular momentum, these systems exhibit…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2016-08-07 Serguei Ossokine , Michael Boyle , Lawrence E. Kidder , Harald P. Pfeiffer , Mark A. Scheel , Béla Szilágyi

Supermassive black holes have been discovered at the centers of galaxies, and also in globular clusters. The data shows correlations between the black hole mass and the elliptical galaxy mass or globular cluster mass. It is shown that this…

General Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Reginald T. Cahill

The prediction of the spin of the black hole resulting from the merger of a generic black-hole binary system is of great importance to study the cosmological evolution of supermassive black holes. Several attempts have been recently made to…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2014-11-20 Enrico Barausse

The motion of spinning particles around compact objects, for example a rotating stellar object moving around a supermassive black hole, is described by differential equations that are, in general, non-integrable. In this work, we present a…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2023-02-27 Jose Miguel Ladino , Carlos Andrés del Valle , Eduard Larrañaga

A typical galaxy is thought to contain tens of millions of stellar-mass black holes, the collapsed remnants of once massive stars, and a single nuclear supermassive black hole. Both classes of black holes accrete gas from their…

The mass of a black hole is the sum of the irreducible mass and the mass associated with the rotational or spin energy of the black hole. The contribution of spin energy (divided by $c^2$) to the total black hole mass is studied here for…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2020-05-26 Ruth A. Daly

We study the link between classical scattering of spinning black holes and quantum amplitudes for massive spin-$s$ particles. Generic spin orientations of the black holes are considered, allowing their spins to be deflected on par with…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2019-11-20 Alfredo Guevara , Alexander Ochirov , Justin Vines

Inspiralling and coalescing binary black holes are promising sources of gravitational radiation. The orbital motion and gravitational-wave emission of such system can be modelled using a variety of approximation schemes and numerical…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2014-10-06 Alexandre Le Tiec

NuSTAR observed the black hole candidate XTE J1908$+$094 during its 2013 and 2019 outbursts. We use relativistic reflection to measure the spin of the black hole through 19 different assumptions of relxill flavors and parameter…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2021-10-27 Paul A. Draghis , Jon M. Miller , Abderahmen Zoghbi , Elias S. Kammoun , Mark T. Reynolds , John A. Tomsick

Robustly measuring binary black hole spins via gravitational waves is key to understanding these systems' astrophysical origins, but remains challenging -- especially for high-mass systems, whose signals are short and dominated by the…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2025-11-20 Simona J. Miller , Maximiliano Isi , Katerina Chatziioannou , Vijay Varma , Sophie Hourihane

In this chapter, we review some of the interesting consequences that tilt between the spin axis of the black hole and angular momentum axis of the accretion disk can have on the dynamics, thermodynamics, and observational appearance of…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2025-08-22 P. Chris Fragile , Matthew Liska