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Determining the length of short conjugators in a group can be considered as an effective version of the conjugacy problem. The conjugacy length function provides a measure for these lengths. We study the behaviour of conjugacy length…

Group Theory · Mathematics 2013-10-02 Andrew W. Sale

We extend Forester's rigidity theorem so as to give a complete characterization of rigid group actions on trees (an action is rigid if it is the only reduced action in its deformation space, in particular it is invariant under automorphisms…

Group Theory · Mathematics 2008-01-31 Gilbert Levitt

Let $G$ be a connected real algebraic group. An unrefinable chain of $G$ is a chain of subgroups $G=G_0>G_1>...>G_t=1$ where each $G_i$ is a maximal connected real subgroup of $G_{i-1}$. The maximal (respectively, minimal) length of such an…

Group Theory · Mathematics 2018-11-16 Damian Sercombe

Given a finite set of real numbers $A$, the generalised golden ratio is the unique real number $\mathcal{G}(A) > 1$ for which we only have trivial unique expansions in smaller bases, and have non-trivial unique expansions in larger bases.…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2016-09-12 Simon Baker , Wolfgang Steiner

For finitely generated groups $H$ and $G$, we observe that $H$ admits a translation-like action on $G$ implies there is a regular map, which was introduced in Benjamini, Schramm and Tim\'{a}r's joint paper, from $H$ to $G$. Combining with…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2017-03-29 Yongle Jiang

We establish a polynomial ergodic theorem for actions of the affine group of a countable field $K$. As an application, we deduce--via a variant of Furstenberg's correspondence principle--that for fields of characteristic zero, any "large"…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2026-01-14 Ioannis Kousek

Additive tree functionals represent the cost of many divide-and-conquer algorithms. We derive the limiting distribution of the additive functionals induced by toll functions of the form (a) n^\alpha when \alpha > 0 and (b) log n (the…

Probability · Mathematics 2007-05-23 James Allen Fill , Nevin Kapur

The Weisfeiler-Lehman graph kernels are among the most prevalent graph kernels due to their remarkable time complexity and predictive performance. Their key concept is based on an implicit comparison of neighborhood representing trees with…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-01-21 Till Hendrik Schulz , Tamás Horváth , Pascal Welke , Stefan Wrobel

We give an algorithm to enumerate the results on trees of monadic second-order (MSO) queries represented by nondeterministic tree automata. After linear time preprocessing (in the input tree), we can enumerate answers with linear delay (in…

Databases · Computer Science 2019-08-28 Antoine Amarilli , Pierre Bourhis , Stefan Mengel , Matthias Niewerth

Value function approximation has demonstrated phenomenal empirical success in reinforcement learning (RL). Nevertheless, despite a handful of recent progress on developing theory for RL with linear function approximation, the understanding…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-06-22 Ruosong Wang , Ruslan Salakhutdinov , Lin F. Yang

We establish functional limit theorems for ergodic sums of observables with power singularities for expanding circle maps. In the regime where the observables have infinite variance, we show that when rescaled by $N^{1/s}(\ln N)^\alpha$,…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2025-09-03 Dmitry Dolgopyat , Sixu Liu

Let $G$ be the fundamental group of a compact nonpositively curved cube complex $Y$. With respect to a basepoint $x$, one obtains an integer-valued length function on $G$ by counting the number of edges in a minimal length edge-path…

Group Theory · Mathematics 2016-01-20 Richard Scott

We extend A.B. Mingarelli's method for constructing generalized factorials. Our extension uses a pair of arithmetic functions $(x, y)$, where $x$ is superadditive. When $x$ is the identity function, our generalized factorial reduces to…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2025-09-18 Wanli Ma

Based on results by Brugall\'e and Mikhalkin, Fomin and Mikhalkin give formulas for computing classical Severi degrees $N^{d, \delta}$ using long-edge graphs. In 2012, Block, Colley and Kennedy considered the logarithmic version of a…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2014-01-08 Fu Liu

Common meadows are commutative and associative algebraic structures with two operations (addition and multiplication) with additive and multiplicative identities and for which inverses are total. The inverse of zero is an error term…

Rings and Algebras · Mathematics 2024-06-10 João Dias , Bruno Dinis

For every countable abelian group $G$ we find the set of all its subgroups $H$ ($H\leq G$) such that a typical measure-preserving $H$-action on a standard atomless probability space $(X,\mathcal{F}, \mu)$ can be extended to a free…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2012-12-13 Oleg N. Ageev

While Large Language Models (LLMs) excel at code generation by learning from vast code corpora, a fundamental semantic gap remains between their training on textual patterns and the goal of functional correctness, which is governed by…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-04-23 Xue Jiang , Yihong Dong , Mengyang Liu , Hongyi Deng , Tian Wang , Yongding Tao , Rongyu Cao , Binhua Li , Zhi Jin , Wenpin Jiao , Fei Huang , Yongbin Li , Ge Li

We study equivalence relations $\mathcal R(\Gamma\curvearrowright G)$ that arise from left translation actions of countable groups on their profinite completions. Under the assumption that the action $\Gamma\curvearrowright G$ is free and…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2015-08-03 Adrian Ioana

A linkage $\mathcal{L}$ consists of a graph $G=(V,E)$ and an edge-length function $\ell$. Deciding whether $\mathcal{L}$ can be realized as a planar straight-line embedding in $\mathbb{R}^2$ with edge length $\ell(e)$ for all $e \in E$ is…

Computational Geometry · Computer Science 2026-04-08 Thomas Depian , Carolina Haase , Martin Nöllenburg , André Schulz

We introduce a new notion of equivalence of discrete Morse functions on graphs called persistence equivalence. Two functions are considered persistence equivalent if and only if they induce the same persistence diagram. We compare this…

Algebraic Topology · Mathematics 2018-07-25 Yuqing Liu , Nicholas A. Scoville
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