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In Formal Languages and Automata Theory courses, students find understanding nondeterministic finite-state and pushdown automata difficult. In many cases, this means that it is challenging for them to comprehend the operational semantics of…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2025-08-06 Marco T. Morazán , David Anthony K. Fields , Andrés M. Garced , Tijana Minić

We consider the integers having the property of reversing when multiplied by a specific integer k. First, we proved that k should be either 1, 4 or 9. Second, we classify these integers as (10, 1)- reverse multiples, (10, 4)- reverse…

General Mathematics · Mathematics 2015-04-21 Madline Al- Tahan

A vector addition system (VAS) with an initial and a final marking and transition labels induces a language. In part because the reachability problem in VAS remains far from being well-understood, it is difficult to devise decision…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2018-02-20 Wojciech Czerwiński , Piotr Hofman , Georg Zetzsche

It is well known that the "store language" of every pushdown automaton -- the set of store configurations (state and stack contents) that can appear as an intermediate step in accepting computations -- is a regular language. Here many…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2019-03-08 Oscar H. Ibarra , Ian McQuillan

In this work we prove decidability of the model-checking problem for safe recursion schemes against properties defined by alternating B-automata. We then exploit this result to show how to compute downward closures of languages of finite…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2024-02-14 David Barozzini , Lorenzo Clemente , Thomas Colcombet , Paweł Parys

We consider the following problem: given that a finite automaton $M$ of $N$ states accepts at least one $k$-power-free (resp., overlap-free) word, what is the length of the shortest such word accepted? We give upper and lower bounds which,…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2013-04-11 Hamoon Mousavi , Jeffrey Shallit

We consider a class of noisy, one-dimensional quantum cellular automata that allow one to shift from unitary dynamics to completely positive maps, and investigate the notion of reversibility in such a setting. To this aim, we associate an…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2018-01-09 Federico Centrone , Camillo Tassi , Alessio Serafini , Marco Barbieri

In this paper we consider block languages, namely sets of words having the same length, and study the deterministic and nondeterministic state complexity of several operations on these languages. Being a subclass of finite languages, the…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2024-09-12 Guilherme Duarte , Nelma Moreira , Luca Prigioniero , Rogério Reis

In this paper we study finite higher-dimensional automata (HDAs) from the logical point of view. Languages of HDAs are sets of finite bounded-width interval pomsets with interfaces (iiPoms<=k) closed under order extension. We prove that…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2024-03-29 Amazigh Amrane , Hugo Bazille , Uli Fahrenberg , Marie Fortin

Positive data languages are languages over an infinite alphabet closed under possibly non-injective renamings of data values. Informally, they model properties of data words expressible by assertions about equality, but not inequality, of…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2023-07-24 Florian Frank , Stefan Milius , Henning Urbat

Br\"uggemann-Klein and Wood define a one-unambiguous regular language as a language that can be recognized by a deterministic Glushkov automaton. They give a procedure performed on the minimal DFA, the BW-test, to decide whether a language…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2017-05-31 Pascal Caron , Ludovic Mignot , Clément Miklarz

Counter machines have achieved a newfound relevance to the field of natural language processing (NLP): recent work suggests some strong-performing recurrent neural networks utilize their memory as counters. Thus, one potential way to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-09-10 William Merrill

We investigate families of infinite automata for context-sensitive languages. An infinite automaton is an infinite labeled graph with two sets of initial and final vertices. Its language is the set of all words labelling a path from an…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2017-01-11 Arnaud Carayol , Antoine Meyer

Large language models (LLMs) have achieved a milestone that undenia-bly changed many held beliefs in artificial intelligence (AI). However, there remains many limitations of these LLMs when it comes to true language understanding,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-07-28 Walid S. Saba

We study decidability of verification problems for timed automata extended with unbounded discrete data structures. More detailed, we extend timed automata with a pushdown stack. In this way, we obtain a strong model that may for instance…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2017-01-11 Karin Quaas

Automata admitting at most one accepting run per structure, known as unambiguous automata, find applications in verification of reactive systems as they extend the class of deterministic automata whilst maintaining some of their desirable…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2026-03-03 Anton Chernev , Corina Cîrstea , Helle Hvid Hansen , Clemens Kupke

Patterns are words with terminals and variables. The language of a pattern is the set of words obtained by uniformly substituting all variables with words that contain only terminals. Regular constraints restrict valid substitutions of…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2024-11-13 Dirk Nowotka , Max Wiedenhöft

This work attempts to explain the types of computation that neural networks can perform by relating them to automata. We first define what it means for a real-time network with bounded precision to accept a language. A measure of network…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-01-06 William Merrill

History-deterministic automata are those in which nondeterministic choices can be correctly resolved stepwise: there is a strategy to select a continuation of a run given the next input letter so that if the overall input word admits some…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2026-04-01 Soumyajit Paul , David Purser , Sven Schewe , Qiyi Tang , Patrick Totzke , Di-De Yen

$\omega$-clones are multi-sorted structures that naturally emerge as algebras for infinite trees, just as $\omega$-semigroups are convenient algebras for infinite words. In the algebraic theory of languages, one hopes that a language is…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2023-06-22 Mikołaj Bojańczyk , Bartek Klin