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We introduce a powerful method for dynamical reconstruction of long-lived tracers such as ozone. It works by correlating the principal components of a matrix representation of the tracer dynamics with a series of sparse measurements. The…
Accurate reconstruction of latent environmental fields from sparse and indirect observations is a foundational challenge across scientific domains-from atmospheric science and geophysics to public health and aerospace safety. Traditional…
Transverse position reconstruction in a Time Projection Chamber (TPC) is crucial for accurate particle tracking and classification, and is typically accomplished using machine learning techniques. However, these methods often exhibit biases…
We develop and validate a new algorithm called \textit{primary track recovery} (\ptr) that effectively deconvolves known physics and detector effects from nuclear recoil tracks in gas time projection chambers (TPCs) with high-resolution…
To meet the demanding of spectral reconstruction in the visible and near-infrared wavelength, the spectral reconstruction method for typical surface types is discussed based on the USGS /ASTER spectral library and principal component…
Polar precipitation archived in ice caps contains information on past temperature conditions. Such information can be retrieved by measuring the water isotopic signals of $\delta{}^{18}\mathrm{O}$ and $\delta\mathrm{D}$ in ice cores. These…
We explore possibilities of improving the spatial structure of NOx emissions employed in a continental scale chemistry transport model (CTM) by using satellite measurements of nitrogen dioxide and ground-based observations of near surface…
For sensitive optical interferometry, it is crucial to control the evolution of the optical path difference (OPD) of the wavefront between the individual telescopes of the array. The OPD between a pair of telescopes is induced by…
We consider the problem of synthetic aperture radar (SAR) imaging and motion estimation of complex scenes. By complex we mean scenes with multiple targets, stationary and in motion. We use the usual setup with one moving antenna emitting…
Motivation: Although principal component analysis is frequently applied to reduce the dimensionality of matrix data, the method is sensitive to noise and bias and has difficulty with comparability and interpretation. These issues are…
Purpose: Field monitoring measures field perturbations, which can be accounted for during image reconstructions. In certain field monitoring environments, significant phase deviations can arise far from isocenter due to the finite extent of…
This paper addresses the estimation of fractional delay and Doppler shifts in multipath channels that cause doubly selective fading-an essential task for integrated sensing and communication (ISAC) systems in high-mobility environments.…
Intelligent Transportation Systems increasingly depend on heterogeneous data from roadside cameras, UAV imagery, LiDAR, and in-vehicle sensors, yet the lack of unified data standards, model interfaces, and evaluation protocols across these…
The study of total ozone columns above Kiev and variations of ozone concentrations in the troposphere at different altitudes above Kiev was carried out using ground-based Fourier Transform InfraRed (FTIR) spectrometric observations that are…
In this paper we present the high resolution spectral observations of the fragment of lunar surface during the total lunar eclipse of December 10, 2011. The observations were carried out with the fiber-fed echelle spectrograph at 1.2-m…
Equations governing the nonlinear dynamics of complex systems are usually unknown and indirect methods are used to reconstruct their manifolds. In turn, they depend on embedding parameters requiring other methods and long temporal sequences…
Climate field reconstructions (CFR) attempt to estimate spatiotemporal fields of climate variables in the past using climate proxies such as tree rings, ice cores, and corals. Data Assimilation (DA) methods are a recent and promising new…
The dynamic nature of air quality chemistry and transport makes it difficult to identify the mixture of air pollutants for a region. In this study of air quality in the Houston metropolitan area we apply dynamic principal component analysis…
Previous studies have shown that a hierarchical network comprising a number of compliant reference stations and a much larger number of low-cost sensors can deliver reliable air quality data at high temporal and spatial resolution for ozone…
Optical properties of components in a linac can be reconstructed from analysis of the orbit response matrix, composed from responses of BPMs to changes in currents of dipole correctors. An efficient way to record such response, discussed in…