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200 papers

Conversational explainable artificial intelligence (ConvXAI) systems based on large language models (LLMs) have garnered considerable attention for their ability to enhance user comprehension through dialogue-based explanations. Current…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-08-22 Qianli Wang , Tatiana Anikina , Nils Feldhus , Simon Ostermann , Fedor Splitt , Jiaao Li , Yoana Tsoneva , Sebastian Möller , Vera Schmitt

Natural language understanding often requires deep semantic knowledge. Expanding on previous proposals, we suggest that some important aspects of semantic knowledge can be modeled as a language model if done at an appropriate level of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2016-06-28 Haoruo Peng , Dan Roth

Calculating semantic textual similarity is a foundational task in natural language processing. Current large language models (LLMs) based methods typically rely on extracting last-layer hidden states with fixed dimensions to compute…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-29 Kaijie Zheng , Weiqin Wang , Yile Wang , Hui Huang

This paper describes the participation of the SINAI-UJA team in the eRisk@CLEF 2025 lab. Specifically, we addressed two of the proposed tasks: (i) Task 2: Contextualized Early Detection of Depression, and (ii) Pilot Task: Conversational…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-25 Alba Maria Marmol-Romero , Manuel Garcia-Vega , Miguel Angel Garcia-Cumbreras , Arturo Montejo-Raez

In this work, we address the challenge of multilingual category relevance judgment in e-commerce search, where traditional ensemble-based systems improve accuracy but at the cost of heavy training, inference, and maintenance complexity. To…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2026-01-12 Haotao Xie , Ruilin Chen , Yicheng Wu , Zhan Zhao , Yuanyuan Liu

The widespread adoption of chat interfaces based on Large Language Models (LLMs) raises concerns about promoting superficial learning and undermining the development of critical thinking skills. Instead of relying on LLMs purely for…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-18 Lucile Favero , Daniel Frases , Juan Antonio Pérez-Ortiz , Tanja Käser , Nuria Oliver

The Clair library is intended to simplify a number of generic tasks in Natural Language Processing (NLP), Information Retrieval (IR), and Network Analysis. Its architecture also allows for external software to be plugged in with very little…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2007-12-21 Dragomir Radev , Mark Hodges , Anthony Fader , Mark Joseph , Joshua Gerrish , Mark Schaller , Jonathan dePeri , Bryan Gibson

This paper presents our submitted system to SemEval 2021 Task 4: Reading Comprehension of Abstract Meaning. Our system uses a large pre-trained language model as the encoder and an additional dual multi-head co-attention layer to strengthen…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-03-31 Yuxin Jiang , Ziyi Shou , Qijun Wang , Hao Wu , Fangzhen Lin

Code-switching (CS) poses a significant challenge for Large Language Models (LLMs), yet its comprehensibility remains underexplored in LLMs. We introduce CS-Sum, to evaluate the comprehensibility of CS by the LLMs through CS dialogue to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-21 Sathya Krishnan Suresh , Tanmay Surana , Lim Zhi Hao , Eng Siong Chng

In this paper, we propose a novel framework for speech-image retrieval. We utilize speech-image contrastive (SIC) learning tasks to align speech and image representations at a coarse level and speech-image matching (SIM) learning tasks to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-09-12 Lifeng Zhou , Yuke Li

Despite the impressive capability of large language models (LLMs), knowing when to trust their generations remains an open challenge. The recent literature on uncertainty quantification of natural language generation (NLG) utilises a…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-06 Shuang Ao , Stefan Rueger , Advaith Siddharthan

Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated remarkable capabilities across a variety of software engineering and coding tasks. However, their application in the domain of code and compiler optimization remains underexplored. Training…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2024-07-04 Chris Cummins , Volker Seeker , Dejan Grubisic , Baptiste Roziere , Jonas Gehring , Gabriel Synnaeve , Hugh Leather

Existing tasks fall short in evaluating reasoning ability of Large Language Models (LLMs) in an interactive, unknown environment. This deficiency leads to the isolated assessment of deductive, inductive, and abductive reasoning, neglecting…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-07 Congchi Yin , Tianyi Wu , Yankai Shu , Alex Gu , Yunhan Wang , Jun Shao , Xun Jiang , Piji Li

Consistency, which refers to the capability of generating the same predictions for semantically similar contexts, is a highly desirable property for a sound language understanding model. Although recent pretrained language models (PLMs)…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-08-17 Myeongjun Jang , Deuk Sin Kwon , Thomas Lukasiewicz

Knowledge probing assesses to which degree a language model (LM) has successfully learned relational knowledge during pre-training. Probing is an inexpensive way to compare LMs of different sizes and training configurations. However,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-04-08 Jacek Wiland , Max Ploner , Alan Akbik

We introduce ClusterLLM, a novel text clustering framework that leverages feedback from an instruction-tuned large language model, such as ChatGPT. Compared with traditional unsupervised methods that builds upon "small" embedders,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-11-07 Yuwei Zhang , Zihan Wang , Jingbo Shang

The full power of human language-based communication cannot be realized without negation. All human languages have some form of negation. Despite this, negation remains a challenging phenomenon for current natural language understanding…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-11-02 Abhilasha Ravichander , Matt Gardner , Ana Marasović

Current conversational systems can follow simple commands and answer basic questions, but they have difficulty maintaining coherent and open-ended conversations about specific topics. Competitions like the Conversational Intelligence…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2018-11-09 Nicolas Gontier , Koustuv Sinha , Peter Henderson , Iulian Serban , Michael Noseworthy , Prasanna Parthasarathi , Joelle Pineau

Wearable systems can recognize activities from IMU data but often fail to explain their underlying causes or contextual significance. To address this limitation, we introduce two large-scale resources: SensorCap, comprising 35,960…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-23 Sheikh Asif Imran , Mohammad Nur Hossain Khan , Subrata Biswas , Bashima Islam

Large language models (LLMs) have emerged as strong contenders in machine translation.Yet, they still struggle to adequately handle discourse phenomena, such as pronoun resolution and lexical cohesion at the document level. In this study,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-09 Wafaa Mohammed , Vlad Niculae , Chrysoula Zerva