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The classical Birkhoff conjecture claims that the boundary of a strictly convex integrable billiard table is necessarily an ellipse (or a circle as a special case). In this article we prove a complete local version of this conjecture: a…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2018-03-22 Vadim Kaloshin , Alfonso Sorrentino

The famous Posa conjecture states that every graph of minimum degree at least 2n/3 contains the square of a Hamilton cycle. This has been proved for large n by Koml\'os, Sark\"ozy and Szemer\'edi. Here we prove that if p > n^{-1/2+\eps},…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2012-07-31 Daniela Kühn , Deryk Osthus

This note describes a conjecture involving cyclotomic polynomials and some initial thoughts towards a solution. Given positive integers $m,n$, the conjecture is that either $\Phi_m(q)\leqslant\Phi_n(q)$ or $\Phi_m(q)\geqslant\Phi_n(q)$…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2019-03-08 S. P. Glasby

Let $p$ be a prime. In 1878 \'{E}. Lucas proved that the congruence $$ {p-1\choose k}\equiv (-1)^k\pmod{p}$$ holds for any nonnegative integer $k\in\{0,1,\ldots,p-1\}$. The converse statement was given in Problem 1494 of {\it Mathematics…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2018-04-10 Romeo Mestrovic

Let $\mathsf{E}/\mathbb{Q}$ be an elliptic curve. By the modularity theorem, it admits a surjection from a modular curve $X_0(N) \to \mathsf{E}$, and the minimal degree among such maps is called the modular degree of $\mathsf{E}$. By the…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2025-07-21 Jeffrey Hatley , Debanjana Kundu

Thomassen conjectured that there is a function $f(k)$ such that every strongly $f(k)$-connected tournament contains $k$ edge-disjoint Hamiltonian cycles. This conjecture was recently proved by K\"uhn, Lapinskas, Osthus, and Patel who showed…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2014-07-01 Alexey Pokrovskiy

The middle levels conjecture asserts that there is a Hamiltonian cycle in the middle two levels of $2k+1$-dimensional hypercube. The conjecture is known to be true for $k \leq 17$ [I.Shields, B.J.Shields and C.D.Savage, Disc. Math., 309,…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2011-09-30 Manabu Shimada , Kazuyuki Amano

Y. Manoussakis (J. Graph Theory 16, 1992, 51-59) proposed the following conjecture. \noindent\textbf{Conjecture}. {\it Let $D$ be a 2-strongly connected digraph of order $n$ such that for all distinct pairs of non-adjacent vertices $x$, $y$…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2023-06-22 Samvel Kh. Darbinyan

This is a survey article on the Hardy-Littlewood conjecture about primes in quadratic progressions. We recount the history and quote some results approximating this hitherto unresolved conjecture.

Number Theory · Mathematics 2008-08-13 Stephan Baier , Liangyi Zhao

Legendre's Conjecture is one of the most elegant open problems in Number Theory, which states that there is a prime between consecutive two perfect squares. In this note, we prove the conjecture holds true and also discuss the related…

General Mathematics · Mathematics 2019-08-27 Sundarakannan Mahilmaran

We consider a generalisation of Kelly's conjecture which is due to Alspach, Mason, and Pullman from 1976. Kelly's conjecture states that every regular tournament has an edge decomposition into Hamilton cycles, and this was proved by K\"uhn…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2020-05-06 Allan Lo , Viresh Patel , Jozef Skokan , John Talbot

In this paper we answer a question posed by R. Stanley in his collection of Bijection Proof Problems (Problem 240). We present a bijective proof for the enumeration of walks of length $k$ a chess rook can move along on an $m\times n$ board…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2020-07-03 Alexander M. Haupt

We show that for any relatively prime integers $1\leq p<q$ and for any finite $A \subset \mathbb{Z}$ one has $$|p \cdot A + q \cdot A | \geq (p + q) |A| - (pq)^{(p+q-3)(p+q) + 1}.$$

Number Theory · Mathematics 2013-11-20 Antal Balog , George Shakan

We introduce Wilson's theorem and Clement's result and present a necessary and sufficient condition for p and p+2k to be primes where k is a positive integer. By using Simiov's Theorem, we derive an improved version of Clement's result and…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Lin Cong , Zhipeng Li

The classical honeycomb conjecture asserts that any partition of the plane into regions of equal area has perimeter at least that of the regular hexagonal honeycomb tiling. Pappus discusses this problem in his preface to Book V. This paper…

Metric Geometry · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Thomas C. Hales

In 1904, Dickson [5] stated a very important conjecture. Now people call it Dickson's conjecture. In 1958, Schinzel and Sierpinski [14] generalized Dickson's conjecture to the higher order integral polynomial case. However, they did not…

General Mathematics · Mathematics 2009-11-11 Shaohua Zhang

We measure whether there are numerous pairs of twin primes (hereafter referred to as twin prime pairs) according to the prime number inferred by sieve of Eratosthenes. In this study, we reveal at least three additional twin prime pairs…

General Mathematics · Mathematics 2017-08-29 Yuhsin Chen , Yensen Ni , Muyi Chen

In 1992, Manoussakis conjectured that a strongly 2-connected digraph $D$ on $n$ vertices is hamiltonian if for every two distinct pairs of independent vertices $x,y$ and $w,z$ we have $d(x)+d(y)+d(w)+d(z)\geq 4n-3$. In this note we show…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2014-12-02 Bo Ning

Rosenfeld Conjectured in 1972 that there exists an integer K $\geq$ 8 such that any tournament of order n $\geq$ K contains any Hamiltonian oriented path. In 2000, Havet and Thomass\'e proved this conjecture for any tournament with exactly…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2020-12-01 Charbel Bou Hanna

Recently, Moret\'o and Rizo proposed a conjecture, known as the Picky Conjecture, proposing new character correspondences extending the McKay Conjecture. We prove the Picky Conjecture for all quasi-simple groups of Lie type for non-defining…

Representation Theory · Mathematics 2025-10-22 Gunter Malle , A. A. Schaeffer Fry