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Recurrent neural network grammars (RNNG) are a recently proposed probabilistic generative modeling family for natural language. They show state-of-the-art language modeling and parsing performance. We investigate what information they…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2017-01-12 Adhiguna Kuncoro , Miguel Ballesteros , Lingpeng Kong , Chris Dyer , Graham Neubig , Noah A. Smith

Models based on deep convolutional networks have dominated recent image interpretation tasks; we investigate whether models which are also recurrent, or "temporally deep", are effective for tasks involving sequences, visual and otherwise.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2016-06-02 Jeff Donahue , Lisa Anne Hendricks , Marcus Rohrbach , Subhashini Venugopalan , Sergio Guadarrama , Kate Saenko , Trevor Darrell

Many advances in Natural Language Processing have been based upon more expressive models for how inputs interact with the context in which they occur. Recurrent networks, which have enjoyed a modicum of success, still lack the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-01-30 Gábor Melis , Tomáš Kočiský , Phil Blunsom

Training deep recurrent neural network (RNN) architectures is complicated due to the increased network complexity. This disrupts the learning of higher order abstracts using deep RNN. In case of feed-forward networks training deep…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2018-08-07 Murali Karthick Baskar , Martin Karafiat , Lukas Burget , Karel Vesely , Frantisek Grezl , Jan Honza Cernocky

Recurrent neural networks (RNNs) are capable of learning features and long term dependencies from sequential and time-series data. The RNNs have a stack of non-linear units where at least one connection between units forms a directed cycle.…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2018-02-26 Hojjat Salehinejad , Sharan Sankar , Joseph Barfett , Errol Colak , Shahrokh Valaee

One of the key challenges in natural language processing (NLP) is to yield good performance across application domains and languages. In this work, we investigate the robustness of the mention detection systems, one of the fundamental tasks…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2016-02-26 Thien Huu Nguyen , Avirup Sil , Georgiana Dinu , Radu Florian

Large language models are strong sequence predictors, yet standard inference relies on immutable context histories. After making an error at generation step t, the model lacks an updatable memory mechanism that improves predictions for step…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-01-21 Yuxing Lu , J. Ben Tamo , Weichen Zhao , Nan Sun , Yishan Zhong , Wenqi Shi , Jinzhuo Wang , May D. Wang

We present Bifocal RNN-T, a new variant of the Recurrent Neural Network Transducer (RNN-T) architecture designed for improved inference time latency on speech recognition tasks. The architecture enables a dynamic pivot for its runtime…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-08-05 Jonathan Macoskey , Grant P. Strimel , Ariya Rastrow

Recurrent neural networks (RNNs), especially long short-term memory (LSTM) RNNs, are effective network for sequential task like speech recognition. Deeper LSTM models perform well on large vocabulary continuous speech recognition, because…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2017-03-22 Xu Tian , Jun Zhang , Zejun Ma , Yi He , Juan Wei , Peihao Wu , Wenchang Situ , Shuai Li , Yang Zhang

Acoustic word embeddings --- fixed-dimensional vector representations of variable-length spoken word segments --- have begun to be considered for tasks such as speech recognition and query-by-example search. Such embeddings can be learned…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2016-11-09 Shane Settle , Karen Livescu

Long-context handling remains a core challenge for language models: even with extended context windows, models often fail to reliably extract, reason over, and use the information across long contexts. Recent works like Recursive Language…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-18 Keivan Alizadeh , Parshin Shojaee , Minsik Cho , Mehrdad Farajtabar

Recurrent neural networks (RNNs) are a widely used deep architecture for sequence modeling, generation, and prediction. Despite success in applications such as machine translation and voice recognition, these stateful models have several…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-04-23 Ankur Mali , Alexander Ororbia , Daniel Kifer , Clyde Lee Giles

Recursive neural networks (RvNN) have been shown useful for learning sentence representations and helped achieve competitive performance on several natural language inference tasks. However, recent RvNN-based models fail to learn simple…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-04-13 Atul Sahay , Ayush Maheshwari , Ritesh Kumar , Ganesh Ramakrishnan , Manjesh Kumar Hanawal , Kavi Arya

Recurrent neural networks (RNNs) have been successfully applied to various natural language processing (NLP) tasks and achieved better results than conventional methods. However, the lack of understanding of the mechanisms behind their…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2017-10-31 Yao Ming , Shaozu Cao , Ruixiang Zhang , Zhen Li , Yuanzhe Chen , Yangqiu Song , Huamin Qu

Diffusion Language Models (DLMs) are rapidly emerging as a powerful and promising alternative to the dominant autoregressive (AR) paradigm. By generating tokens in parallel through an iterative denoising process, DLMs possess inherent…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-12-08 Tianyi Li , Mingda Chen , Bowei Guo , Zhiqiang Shen

Large language models (LLMs) now solve multi-step problems by emitting extended chains of thought. During the process, they often re-derive the same intermediate steps across problems, inflating token usage and latency. This saturation of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-17 Aniket Didolkar , Nicolas Ballas , Sanjeev Arora , Anirudh Goyal

Long-horizon tasks requiring multi-step reasoning and dynamic re-planning remain challenging for large language models (LLMs). Sequential prompting methods are prone to context drift, loss of goal information, and recurrent failure cycles,…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-10-30 Zhenyu Zhang , Tianyi Chen , Weiran Xu , Alex Pentland , Jiaxin Pei

Recurrent neural networks (RNN) are at the core of modern automatic speech recognition (ASR) systems. In particular, long-short term memory (LSTM) recurrent neural networks have achieved state-of-the-art results in many speech recognition…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2018-11-08 Titouan Parcollet , Mohamed Morchid , Georges Linarès , Renato De Mori

Retrieval-augmented language models (RALMs) hold promise to produce language understanding systems that are are factual, efficient, and up-to-date. An important desideratum of RALMs, is that retrieved information helps model performance…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-05-07 Ori Yoran , Tomer Wolfson , Ori Ram , Jonathan Berant

Recursive Neural Networks (RvNNs), which compose sequences according to their underlying hierarchical syntactic structure, have performed well in several natural language processing tasks compared to similar models without structural…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-06-14 Jishnu Ray Chowdhury , Cornelia Caragea