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In the last decades, Cyber-physical Systems (CPSs) have experienced a significant technological evolution and increased connectivity, at the cost of greater exposure to cyber-attacks. Since many CPS are used in safety-critical systems, such…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-06-13 Stefano Longari , Alessandro Pozone , Jessica Leoni , Mario Polino , Michele Carminati , Mara Tanelli , Stefano Zanero

Cyber-Physical Systems (CPS) are formed through interconnected components capable of computation, communication, sensing and changing the physical world. The development of these systems poses a significant challenge since they have to be…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-09-22 Igor Ivkic , Patrizia Sailer , Antonios Gouglidis , Andreas Mauthe , Markus Tauber

Cyber-physical systems are at the intersection of digital technology and engineering domains, rendering them high-value targets of sophisticated and well-funded cybersecurity threat actors. Prominent cybersecurity attacks on CPS have…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-04-23 Shaofei Huang , Christopher M. Poskitt , Lwin Khin Shar

Industrial Cyber-Physical Systems (ICPS) integrate the disciplines of computer science, communication technology, and engineering, and have emerged as integral components of contemporary manufacturing and industries. However, ICPS…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-01-23 Ruonan Liu , Quanhu Zhang , Te Han

Cyber-Physical Systems (CPS) operate in dynamic environments, leading to different types of uncertainty. This work provides a comprehensive review of uncertainty representations and categorizes them based on the dimensions used to represent…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-04-01 Johannes Mäkelburg , Diego Perez-Palacin , Raffaela Mirandola , Maribel Acosta

The reach and scale of Cyber Physical Systems (CPS) are expanding to many aspects of our everyday lives. Health, safety, transportation and education are a few areas where CPS are increasingly prevalent. There is a pressing need to secure…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2018-06-29 Filipo Sharevski , Sharief Oteafy

Connected Medical Devices (CMDs) have a large impact on patients as they allow them to lead a more normal life. Any malfunction could not only remove the health benefits the CMDs provide, they could also cause further harm to the patient.…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-07-02 Christopher Scherb , Adrian Hadayah , Luc Bryan Heitz

Multi-agent cyberphysical systems enable new capabilities in efficiency, resilience, and security. The unique characteristics of these systems prompt a reevaluation of their security concepts, including their vulnerabilities, and mechanisms…

The built environment, as hallmark of modern society, has become one of the key drivers of energy demand. This makes for meaningful application of novel paradigms, such as cyber-physical systems, with large scale impact for both primary…

Systems and Control · Computer Science 2016-05-24 Grigore Stamatescu , Iulia Stamatescu , Nicoleta Arghira , Vasile Calofir , Ioana Fagarasan

Systems modeling practice lacks security analysis tools that can interface with modeling languages to facilitate security by design. Security by design is a necessity in the age of safety critical cyber-physical systems, where security…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2020-10-19 Georgios Bakirtzis , Garrett L. Ward , Christopher J. Deloglos , Carl R. Elks , Barry M. Horowitz , Cody H. Fleming

We discuss challenges to control systems engineering arising from the advent of cyber-physical systems (CPS). After discussing the terminology, general, IT-related issues are treated which need cooperation with computer science, in…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2014-09-02 Stefan Kowalewski , Bernhard Rumpe , Andre Stollenwerk

Cyber-Physical Systems (CPSs) involve the interconnection of heterogeneous computing devices which are closely integrated with the physical processes under control. Often, these systems are resource-constrained and require specific features…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2012-08-13 Ismael Etxeberria-Agiriano , Isidro Calvo , Liliana Montero , Ivan Alonso

Cyber-Physical Systems (CPS) use computational resources to control physical process and provide critical services. For this reason, an attack in these systems may have dangerous consequences in the physical world. Hence, resilience is a…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2020-09-16 Mariana Segovia , Jose Rubio-Hernan , Ana Rosa Cavalli , Joaquin Garcia-Alfaro

The domain of cyber-physical systems (CPS) has recently seen strong growth, e.g., due to the rise of the Internet of Things (IoT) in industrial domains, commonly referred to as "Industry 4.0". However, CPS challenges like the strong…

Machine Learning (ML) technologies have been increasingly adopted in Medical Cyber-Physical Systems (MCPS) to enable smart healthcare. Assuring the safety and effectiveness of learning-enabled MCPS is challenging, as such systems must…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-09-21 Maryam Bagheri , Josephine Lamp , Xugui Zhou , Lu Feng , Homa Alemzadeh

Cyber-Physical Systems (CPS) allow us to manipulate objects in the physical world by providing a communication bridge between computation and actuation elements. In the current scheme of things, this sought-after control is marred by…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2020-07-29 Muhammad Atif , Siddique Latif , Rizwan Ahmad , Adnan Khalid Kiani , Junaid Qadir , Adeel Baig , Hisao Ishibuchi , Waseem Abbas

Cyberphysical systems (CPS) are ubiquitous in our personal and professional lives, and they promise to dramatically improve micro-communities (e.g., urban farms, hospitals), macro-communities (e.g., cities and metropolises), urban…

Cyber-Physical Systems (CPS) are being widely adopted in critical infrastructures, such as smart grids, nuclear plants, water systems, transportation systems, manufacturing and healthcare services, among others. However, the increasing…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-11-23 Eyasu Getahun Chekole , Martin Ochoa , Sudipta Chattopadhyay

Cyber-physical systems (CPS) incorporate the complex and large-scale engineered systems behind critical infrastructure operations, such as water distribution networks, energy delivery systems, healthcare services, manufacturing systems, and…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-09-29 Charalambos Konstantinou , George Stergiopoulos , Masood Parvania , Paulo Esteves-Verissimo

Diversity-based security approaches have been studied for several decades since the 1970's. The concept of diversity-by-design emerged in the 1980's and, since then, diversity-based system design research has been explored to build more…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2020-07-20 Qisheng Zhang , Abdullah Zubair Mohammed , Zelin Wan , Jin-Hee Cho , Terrence J. Moore