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Because the Klein-Gordon and Proca equations involve $\hbar$, they describe quantum fields. Their solutions, however, may be treated as classical if their typical action obeys $S^{\rm typical}\gg \hbar$. This is possible due to their…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2022-12-07 Carlos A. R. Herdeiro , Eugen Radu

Spherical Proca Stars (PSs) are regarded as the ground state amongst the family of PSs. In accordance, spherical PSs are thought to have a fundamental branch of stable solutions. In this Letter, we provide energetic, morphological and…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2024-03-29 C. A. R. Herdeiro , E. Radu , N. Sanchis-Gual , N. M. Santos , E. dos Santos Costa Filho

We study the dynamical stability of Proca-Higgs stars, in spherical symmetry. These are solutions of the Einstein-Proca-Higgs model, which features a Higgs-like field coupled to a Proca field, both of which minimally coupled to the…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2024-09-13 Marco Brito , Carlos Herdeiro , Nicolas Sanchis-Gual , Etevaldo dos Santos Costa Filho , Miguel Zilhão

We study static, spherically symmetric, self-gravitating systems minimally coupled to a scalar field with U(1) gauge symmetry: charged boson stars. We find numerical solutions to the EinsteinMaxwell equations coupled to the relativistic…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2013-08-05 Daniela Pugliese , Hernando Quevedo , Jorge A. Rueda H. , Remo Ruffini

There is accumulating evidence that (fundamental) scalar fields may exist in Nature. The gravitational collapse of such a boson cloud would lead to a boson star (BS) as a new type of a compact object. Similarly as for white dwarfs and…

Astrophysics · Physics 2019-04-03 Franz E. Schunck , Eckehard W. Mielke

Scalar particles are a common prediction of many beyond the Standard Model theories. If they are light and cold enough, there is a possibility they may form Bose-Einstein condensates, which will then become gravitationally bound. These…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2016-10-19 Eric Cotner

We study the stability of rotating scalar boson stars, comparing those made from a simple massive complex scalar (referred to as mini boson stars), to those with several different types of nonlinear interactions. To that end, we numerically…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2021-02-16 Nils Siemonsen , William E. East

While black-hole and neutron-star mergers are the most plausible sources of current gravitational-wave observations, mergers of exotic compact objects may mimic these signals. Proca stars -- Bose-Einstein condensates of complex vector…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2025-11-17 Ana Lorenzo-Medina , Juan Calderón Bustillo , Samson H. W. Leong

We study the Einstein-Klein-Gordon system coupled to the Born-Infeld electrodynamics. We explore the solution space of a static spherically symmetric, complex scalar field minimally coupled to both gravitational and electromagnetic fields.…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2023-08-02 Víctor Jaramillo , Daniel Martínez-Carbajal , Juan Carlos Degollado , Darío Núñez

We study the phenomenology associated to non-minimally coupled dark matter. In particular, we consider the model where the non-minimal coupling arises from the formation of relativistic Bose-Einstein condensates in high density regions of…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2020-08-05 Dimitar Ivanov , Stefano Liberati

In nonminimally coupled theories where a scalar field is coupled to the Ricci scalar, neutron stars (NSs) can have scalar charges through an interaction with matter mediated by gravity. On the other hand, the same theories do not give rise…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2025-03-03 Hiroki Takeda , Shinji Tsujikawa , Atsushi Nishizawa

We reinvestigate the stability properties of ultracompact spinning boson stars with a stable light ring using fully nonlinear 3+1 and 2+1 numerical relativity simulations and two different formulations of the Einstein equations. We find no…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2026-02-18 Tamara Evstafyeva , Nils Siemonsen , William E. East

We consider topological and non-topological regular soliton solutions in the Einstein-Maxwell-Skyrme theory. We analyze the properties of these solutions and determine their domains of existence. The dependence of the solutions on the gauge…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2023-11-22 R. Kirichenkov , J. Kunz , Nobuyuki Sawado , Ya. Shnir

We study the evolution of cosmological perturbations, using a hybrid approximation scheme which upgrades the weak-field limit of Einstein's field equations to account for post-Newtonian scalar and vector metric perturbations and for…

Astrophysics · Physics 2007-05-23 Carmelita Carbone , Sabino Matarrese

Boson stars are hypothetical compact objects derived from solutions of a self-gravitating complex scalar field. In this study, we extend the traditional models by generalizing the kinetic term of the scalar field to that of a nonlinear…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2025-06-02 Christoph Adam , Jorge Castelo Mourelle , Alberto García Martín-Caro , Andrzej Wereszczynski

We solve Einstein equations coupled to a complex scalar field with infinitely large self-interaction, degenerate fermions, and a negative cosmological constant in $(2+1)$ dimensions. Exact solutions for static boson-fermion stars are found…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2016-08-25 Kenji Sakamoto , Kiyoshi Shiraishi

We present a general-relativistic study of the distribution of proton superconductivity in strongly magnetized neutron stars (NSs), using the XNS code to solve the coupled Einstein-Maxwell equations. We investigate equilibrium…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2026-02-05 Mayusree Das , Armen Sedrakian , Banibrata Mukhopadhyay

We consider a model with two real Maxwell fields (or equivalently, a complex Maxwell field) minimally coupled to Einsteins gravity with a negative cosmological constant in four spacetime dimensions. Assuming a specific harmonic dependence…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2024-05-20 Carlos Herdeiro , Hyat Huang , Jutta Kunz , Eugen Radu

We present a brief synopsis of related work (gr-qc/0007039), describing a study of black hole threshold phenomena for a self-gravitating, massive complex scalar field in spherical symmetry. We construct Type I critical solutions dynamically…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2009-11-07 Scott H. Hawley , Matthew W. Choptuik

We consider the dynamics of $N$ boson systems interacting through a pair potential $N^{-1} V_a(x_i-x_j)$ where $V_a (x) = a^{-3} V (x/a)$. We denote the solution to the $N$-particle Schr\"odinger equation by $\psi_{N, t}$. Recall that the…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Alexander Elgart , Laszlo Erdos , Benjamin Schlein , Horng-Tzer Yau