Related papers: Electron tunneling times
Quantum tunneling is a quantum phenomenon in which a microscopic object crosses through a potential barrier even if its energy cannot overcome the barrier. A general belief is that tunneling occurs only when the barrier width is comparable…
The measurement of tunneling times in strong-field ionization has been the topic of much controversy in recent years, with the attoclock and Larmor clock being two of the main contenders for correctly reproducing these times. By expressing…
Starting with the equivalence of the rest energy of a particle to an amount of the radiant energy characterized by a frequency, in addition to the usual relativistic transformation rules leading to the wave-particle duality, we investigate…
The tunneling time through an arbitrary bounded one-dimensional barrier is investigated using the dwell time operator. We relate the tunneling time to the conditioned average of the dwell time operator because of the natural post-selection…
We formulate quantum tunneling as a time-of-arrival problem: we determine the detection probability for particles passing through a barrier at a detector located a distance L from the tunneling region. For this purpose, we use a…
The analytical continuation of classical equations of motion to complex times suggests that a tunnelling particle spends in the barrier an imaginary duration $i|\mathcal T|$. Does this mean that it takes a finite time to tunnel, or should…
Wave tunneling is an intriguing phenomenon spanning different branches of physics, from quantum mechanics to classical electrodynamics and optics. The Wigner (or phase) time is proved to be an adequate measure to describe wave transit…
Experiments have shown that individual photons penetrate an optical tunnel barrier with an effective group velocity considerably greater than the vacuum speed of light. The experiments were conducted with a two-photon parametric…
The general and explicit relation between the phase time and the dwell time for quantum tunneling or scattering is investigated. Considering a symmetrical collision of two identical wave packets with an one-dimensional barrier, here we…
We study tunneling of the magnetic moment in a particle that has full rotational freedom. Exact energy levels are obtained and the ground-state magnetic moment is computed for a symmetric rotor. The effect of the mechanical freedom on spin…
In this paper, the tunnelling of a particle through a potential barrier is investigated in the presence of a time-dependent perturbation. The latter is attributed to the process of the energy measurement of the scattered particle. The…
Tunnel ionization belongs to the fundamental processes of atomic physics. The so-called two-step model, which describes the ionization as instantaneous tunneling at the electric field maximum and classical motion afterwards with zero exit…
Canonical semiclassical methods can be used to develop an intuitive definition of tunneling time through potential barriers. An application to atomic ionization is given here, considering both static and time-dependent electric fields. The…
The electron dynamics in the classically forbidden region during relativistic tunnel-ionization is investigated. The classical forbidden region in the relativistic regime is identified by defining a gauge invariant total energy operator.…
By using techniques developed in quantum cosmology, it is found that a tunneling particle spends purely imaginary time on a barrier region. The {\it imaginary} time is associated with the stochastic acausal behaviour of a state, while the…
In this work we present a theoretical model supported with a physical reasoning leading to a relation which performs an excellent estimation for the tunneling time in attosecond and strong field experiments, where we address the important…
We describe a proposal to probe the quantum tunneling mechanism of an individual ion trapped in a double-well electromagnetic potential. The time-evolution of the probability of fluorescence measurement of the electronic ground state is…
The tunneling time is here investigated by means of an electromagnetic model, for a system where a gap, between two parallel planes, acts as a classically-forbidden region for an impinging pulse with incidence angle larger than the critical…
Quantum tunnelling is a common fundamental quantum-mechanical phenomenon that originates from the wave-like characteristics of quantum particles. Although the quantum-tunnelling effect was first observed 85 years ago, some questions…
Tunneling is an iconic concept that captures the peculiarity of quantum dynamics but, despite its ubiquity, questions remain. We focus on strong-field tunneling, which is vital to all attosecond science. We find an unexpected optical…