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Establishing a low-dimensional representation of the data leads to efficient data learning strategies. In many cases, the reduced dimension needs to be explicitly stated and estimated from the data. We explore the estimation of dimension in…

Methodology · Statistics 2022-02-10 Wei Q. Deng , Radu V. Craiu

Big data is transforming our world, revolutionizing operations and analytics everywhere, from financial engineering to biomedical sciences. The complexity of big data often makes dimension reduction techniques necessary before conducting…

Methodology · Statistics 2018-01-08 Jianqing Fan , Qiang Sun , Wen-Xin Zhou , Ziwei Zhu

The selection of best variables is a challenging problem in supervised and unsupervised learning, especially in high dimensional contexts where the number of variables is usually much larger than the number of observations. In this paper,…

Methodology · Statistics 2024-04-01 Benoit Liquet , Sarat Moka , Samuel Muller

A common feature of high-dimensional data is that the data dimension is high, however, the sample size is relatively low. We call such data HDLSS data. In this paper, we study asymptotic properties of the first principal component in the…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2015-03-26 Aki Ishii , Kazuyoshi Yata , Makoto Aoshima

In high-dimensional prediction problems, where the number of features may greatly exceed the number of training instances, fully Bayesian approach with a sparsifying prior is known to produce good results but is computationally challenging.…

Methodology · Statistics 2018-10-15 Juho Piironen , Aki Vehtari

It is known that the common factors in a large panel of data can be consistently estimated by the method of principal components, and principal components can be constructed by iterative least squares regressions. Replacing least squares…

Methodology · Statistics 2017-11-16 Jushan Bai , Serena Ng

In this article, we introduce a procedure for selecting variables in principal components analysis. The procedure was developed to identify a small subset of the original variables that best explain the principal components through…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2017-01-31 Yanina Gimenez , Guido Giussani

Scalability of statistical estimators is of increasing importance in modern applications and dimension reduction is often used to extract relevant information from data. A variety of popular dimension reduction approaches can be framed as…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2013-11-07 Stoyan Georgiev , Sayan Mukherjee

Principal Components Analysis is a widely used technique for dimension reduction and characterization of variability in multivariate populations. Our interest lies in studying when and why the rotation to principal components can be used…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2014-10-01 Daniel A Díaz-Pachón , Jean-Eudes Dazard , J. Sunil Rao

Principal Component Analysis is a key technique for reducing the complexity of high-dimensional data while preserving its fundamental data structure, ensuring models remain stable and interpretable. This is achieved by transforming the…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-03-25 Nuwan Weeraratne , Lyn Hunt , Jason Kurz

This paper introduces a novel framework for dynamic classification in high dimensional spaces, addressing the evolving nature of class distributions over time or other index variables. Traditional discriminant analysis techniques are…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-02-18 Wenbo Ouyang , Ruiyang Wu , Ning Hao , Hao Helen Zhang

We present a technique to perform dimensionality reduction on data that is subject to uncertainty. Our method is a generalization of traditional principal component analysis (PCA) to multivariate probability distributions. In comparison to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-10-14 Jochen Görtler , Thilo Spinner , Dirk Streeb , Daniel Weiskopf , Oliver Deussen

An important challenge in statistical analysis lies in controlling the bias of estimators due to the ever-increasing data size and model complexity. Approximate numerical methods and data features like censoring and misclassification often…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2020-11-17 Stéphane Guerrier , Mucyo Karemera , Samuel Orso , Maria-Pia Victoria-Feser , Yuming Zhang

We consider estimation of large approximate factor models in high-dimensional panels of stationary time series using Principal Component Analysis (PCA). We review the key results establishing the necessary and sufficient conditions for…

Econometrics · Economics 2026-02-13 Matteo Barigozzi

Principal Components Regression (PCR) is a traditional tool for dimension reduction in linear regression that has been both criticized and defended. One concern about PCR is that obtaining the leading principal components tends to be…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2017-10-10 Martin Slawski

This paper proposes a new method and algorithm for predicting multivariate responses in a regression setting. Research into classification of High Dimension Low Sample Size (HDLSS) data, in particular microarray data, has made considerable…

Methodology · Statistics 2008-07-28 Inge Koch , Kanta Naito

Principal component analysis (PCA) is by far the most widespread tool for unsupervised learning with high-dimensional data sets. Its application is popularly studied for the purpose of exploratory data analysis and online process…

Applications · Statistics 2019-02-12 Stefania Russo , Guangyu Li , Kris Villez

Principal component analysis (PCA) aims at estimating the direction of maximal variability of a high-dimensional dataset. A natural question is: does this task become easier, and estimation more accurate, when we exploit additional…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2014-06-19 Andrea Montanari , Emile Richard

Debiasing is a fundamental concept in high-dimensional statistics. While degrees-of-freedom adjustment is the state-of-the-art technique in high-dimensional linear regression, it is limited to i.i.d. samples and sub-Gaussian covariates.…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2026-01-01 Yufan Li , Pragya Sur

Sufficient dimension reduction [J. Amer. Statist. Assoc. 86 (1991) 316-342] has long been a prominent issue in multivariate nonparametric regression analysis. To uncover the central dimension reduction space, we propose in this paper an…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2014-08-15 Efang Kong , Yingcun Xia