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This article provides an introduction to the asymptotic analysis of covariance parameter estimation for Gaussian processes. Maximum likelihood estimation is considered. The aim of this introduction is to be accessible to a wide audience and…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2020-09-16 François Bachoc

A Gaussian Process (GP) is a prominent mathematical framework for stochastic function approximation in science and engineering applications. This success is largely attributed to the GP's analytical tractability, robustness, non-parametric…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2022-05-19 Marcus M. Noack , Harinarayan Krishnan , Mark D. Risser , Kristofer G. Reyes

Approximation algorithms are widely used in many engineering problems. To obtain a data set for approximation a factorial design of experiments is often used. In such case the size of the data set can be very large. Therefore, one of the…

Methodology · Statistics 2014-07-04 Mikhail Belyaev , Evgeny Burnaev , Yermek Kapushev

In a task where many similar inverse problems must be solved, evaluating costly simulations is impractical. Therefore, replacing the model $y$ with a surrogate model $y_s$ that can be evaluated quickly leads to a significant speedup. The…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2024-05-15 Phillip Semler , Martin Weiser

Computer simulations often involve both qualitative and numerical inputs. Existing Gaussian process (GP) methods for handling this mainly assume a different response surface for each combination of levels of the qualitative factors and…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2019-01-31 Yichi Zhang , Siyu Tao , Wei Chen , Daniel W. Apley

In Bayesian inverse problems, it is common to consider several hyperparameters that define the prior and the noise model that must be estimated from the data. In particular, we are interested in linear inverse problems with additive…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2024-12-05 Julianne Chung , Scot M. Miller , Malena Sabate Landman , Arvind K. Saibaba

Estimating causal effects in quasi-experiments with spatio-temporal panel data often requires adjusting for unmeasured confounding that varies across space and time. Gaussian Processes (GPs) offer a flexible, nonparametric modeling approach…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-07-08 Sofia L. Vega , Rachel C. Nethery

We introduce a scalable Gaussian process (GP) framework with deep product kernels for data-driven learning of parametrized spatio-temporal fields over fixed or parameter-dependent domains. The proposed framework learns a continuous…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-03 Srinath Dama , Prasanth B. Nair

In this paper, we investigate a class of approximate Gaussian processes (GP) obtained by taking a linear combination of compactly supported basis functions with the basis coefficients endowed with a dependent Gaussian prior distribution.…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2025-06-02 Jaehoan Kim , Anirban Bhattacharya , Debdeep Pati

Maximizing the likelihood has been widely used for estimating the unknown covariance parameters of spatial Gaussian processes. However, evaluating and optimizing the likelihood function can be computationally intractable, particularly for…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2019-07-16 Hossein Keshavarz , XuanLong Nguyen , Clayton Scott

Gaussian processes (GPs) are a popular class of Bayesian nonparametric models, but its training can be computationally burdensome for massive training datasets. While there has been notable work on scaling up these models for big data,…

Methodology · Statistics 2023-11-16 Kevin Li , Simon Mak

Many functions have approximately-known upper and/or lower bounds, potentially aiding the modeling of such functions. In this paper, we introduce Gaussian process models for functions where such bounds are (approximately) known. More…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-10-20 Vu Nguyen , Marc Peter Deisenroth , Michael A. Osborne

We introduce a stochastic variational inference procedure for training scalable Gaussian process (GP) models whose per-iteration complexity is independent of both the number of training points, $n$, and the number basis functions used in…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2020-06-05 Trefor W. Evans , Prasanth B. Nair

The current standard Bayesian approach to model calibration, which assigns a Gaussian process prior to the discrepancy term, often suffers from issues of unidentifiability and computational complexity and instability. When the goal is to…

Methodology · Statistics 2019-09-13 Spencer Woody , Novin Ghaffari , Lauren Hund

Estimation of patient-specific model parameters is important for personalized modeling, although sparse and noisy clinical data can introduce significant uncertainty in the estimated parameter values. This importance source of uncertainty,…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2020-06-04 Jwala Dhamala , John L. Sapp , B. Milan Horácek , Linwei Wang

Almost all fields of science rely upon statistical inference to estimate unknown parameters in theoretical and computational models. While the performance of modern computer hardware continues to grow, the computational requirements for the…

Computation · Statistics 2022-10-25 David J. Warne , Ruth E. Baker , Matthew J. Simpson

We provide a new approach to approximate emulation of large computer experiments. By focusing expressly on desirable properties of the predictive equations, we derive a family of local sequential design schemes that dynamically define the…

Methodology · Statistics 2014-10-13 Robert B. Gramacy , Daniel W. Apley

Gaussian covariance graph model is a popular model in revealing underlying dependency structures among random variables. A Bayesian approach to the estimation of covariance structures uses priors that force zeros on some off-diagonal…

Methodology · Statistics 2021-12-07 Bongjung Sung , Jaeyong Lee

Inverse parameter estimation of process-based models is a long-standing problem in many scientific disciplines. A key question for inverse parameter estimation is how to define the metric that quantifies how well model predictions fit to…

Populations and Evolution · Quantitative Biology 2014-05-09 Florian Hartig , Claudia Dislich , Thorsten Wiegand , Andreas Huth

Gaussian process priors are a popular choice for Bayesian analysis of regression problems. However, the implementation of these models can be complex, and ensuring that the implementation is correct can be challenging. In this paper we…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-10-29 John Mcleod , Fergus Simpson
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