Related papers: The search for superheavy elements: Historical and…
Experiment shows that the top quark is far heavier than the other elementary fermions. This finding has stimulated research on theories of electroweak and flavor symmetry breaking that include physics beyond the standard model. Efforts to…
Although 98% of the solar material consists of hydrogen and helium, the remaining chemical elements contribute in a discernible way to the thermodynamic quantities. The contribution of various heavy elements in a set of thermodynamic…
Helium is the second most abundant element in the universe, and together with silica, they are major components of giant planets. Exploring the reactivity and state of helium and silica under high pressure is of fundamental importance for…
After a brief introduction to the physics of bulk strange quark matter (SQM) this review focuses on the properties of low baryon number strangelets presently searched for in ultra-relativistic heavy-ion experiments at CERN and Brookhaven.…
The elements in the universe are synthesized primarily in stars and supernovae, where nuclear fusion favors the production of even-Z elements. In contrast, odd-Z elements are less abundant and their yields are highly dependent on detailed…
At any epoch, particle physics must be open to completely unexpected discoveries, and that is reason enough to extend the reach of searches for ultra-high energy (UHE) photons. The observation of a population of photons with energies $E…
The Large Hadron Collider presents an unprecedented opportunity to probe the realm of new physics in the TeV region and shed light on some of the core unresolved issues of particle physics. These include the nature of electroweak symmetry…
We give a brief overview of our current theoretical understanding of ultra-relativistic heavy ion collision and the properties of super-hot nuclear matter. We focus on several issues that have been discussed in connection with experimental…
The heavy and superheavy elements of the periodic table predominately disintegrate by {\alpha}-decay, facilitating transitions mainly between ground states and occasionally involving isomeric states. This study focuses on estimating the…
The latest status of searches at HERA for physics beyond the Standard Model is summarized on behalf of the H1 and ZEUS collaborations. Emphasis is put on production of resonant particles accessible within the HERA center-of-mass energy,…
We discuss several new developments in the field of strange and heavy flavor physics in high energy heavy ion collisions. As shown by many recent theoretical works, heavy flavored particles give us a unique opportunity to study the…
Recent results from searches for new physics at HERA are reviewed. Exploiting the uniqueness of lepton-hadron collisions at high energy, searches are performed for electron-quark resonant states (leptoquarks or squarks in R-parity-violating…
The production of strangeness on the nucleon and hyperon and hypernuclear production in heavy ion collisions at relativistic energies and in antiproton annihilation on nuclei is discussed. The reaction process is described by transport…
To synthesize new superheavy elements, the accurate prediction of nuclear masses of superheavy nuclei is essential for calculations of reaction $Q$ values, neutron separation energies and $\alpha$-decay energies, which are important for…
A brief overview on high-pressure synthesis of superhard and ultrahard materials is presented in this tutorial paper. Modern high-pressure chemistry represents a vast exciting area of research which can lead to new industrially important…
This paper presents two facets. First, we show that the periodic table of chemical elements can be described, understood and modified (as far as its format is concerned) on the basis of group theory and more specifically by using the group…
Beyond uranium heavy elements rapidly become increasingly unstable with respect to spontaneous fission as the proton number Z increases, because of the disruptive effect of the long-range Coulomb force. However, in the region just beyond Z…
The origin of mass must lie in physics beyond the Standard Model. Dynamical electroweak symmetry breaking models like technicolor can generate masses for the W and Z bosons. Providing the large top quark mass and large top-bottom mass…
The existence of long lived superheavy nuclei (SHN) is controlled mainly by spontaneous fission and $\alpha$-decay processes. According to microscopic nuclear theory, spherical shell effects at Z=114, 120, 126 and N=184 provide the extra…
If the effective cosmological constant $\Lambda$ of the present universe is due to physical processes in the early universe operating at temperatures just above the electroweak energy scale, it is possible that new particles with…