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The liquid spinodal, which is the bedrock of water thermodynamics, has long been discussed alongside the elusive liquid-liquid critical point hidden behind the limit of homogeneous nucleation. This has inspired numerous scenarios that…

Chemical Physics · Physics 2020-05-06 Michal Duška

One of the most promising frameworks for understanding the anomalies of cold and especially supercooled water is that of two-structure thermodynamics, in which water is viewed as a non-ideal mixture of two interconvertible local structures.…

One of the most promising frameworks for understanding the anomalies of cold and supercooled water postulates the existence of two competing, interconvertible local structures. If the non-ideality in the Gibbs energy of mixing overcomes the…

The stability-limit conjecture (SLC) proposes that the liquid spinodal of water returns to positive pressure in the supercooled region, and that the apparent divergence of water's thermodynamic response functions as temperature decreases…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2019-07-24 Pheerawich Chitnelawong , Francesco Sciortino , Peter H. Poole

The striking behavior of water has deserved it to be referred to as an "anomalous" liquid. The water anomalies are greatly amplified in metastable (supercooled/stretched) regions. This makes difficult a complete experimental description…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2016-08-24 Miguel A. Gonzalez , Chantal Valeriani , Frederic Caupin , Jose L. F. Abascal

The thermodynamic properties of the supercooled liquid state of the mW model of water show anomalous behavior. Like in real water, the heat capacity and compressibility sharply increase upon supercooling. One of the possible explanations of…

Chemical Physics · Physics 2013-05-02 Vincent Holten , David T. Limmer , Valeria Molinero , Mikhail A. Anisimov

Liquid water is well-known for its intriguing thermodynamic anomalies in the supercooled state. The phenomenological two-state models - based on the assumption of the existence of two types of competing local states (or, structures) in…

Chemical Physics · Physics 2022-11-23 Arijit Mondal , Gadha R. , Rakesh S. Singh

A re-entrant gas-liquid spinodal was proposed as a possible explanation of the apparent divergence of the compressibility and specific heat on supercooling water. Such a counter intuitive possibility, e.g. a liquid that becomes unstable to…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2016-09-13 Lorenzo Rovigatti , Valentino Bianco , José Maria Tavares , Francesco Sciortino

While the water molecule is simple, its condensed phase liquid behavior is so complex that no consensus description has emerged despite three centuries of effort. Here we identify features of its behavior that are the most peculiar, hence…

Chemical Physics · Physics 2014-04-16 Stacey L. Meadley , C. Austen Angell

Thermodynamic properties of the ST2 model for supercooled liquid water exhibit anomalies similar to those observed in real water. A possible explanation of these anomalies is the existence of a metastable, liquid-liquid transition…

Tetrahedral interactions describe the behaviour of the most abundant and technologically important materials on Earth, such as water, silicon, carbon, germanium, and countless others. Despite their differences, these materials share unique…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2018-04-13 John Russo , Kenji Akahane , Hajime Tanaka

We develop a series of molecular dynamics computer simulations of liquid water, performed with a polarizable potential model, to calculate the spinodal line and the curve of maximum density inside the metastable supercooled region. After…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2009-11-11 P. Gallo , M. Minozzi , M. Rovere

The presence of a second critical point in water has been a topic of intense investigation for the last few decades. The molecular origins underlying this phenomenon are typically rationalized in terms of the competition between local…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2024-04-11 Edward Danquah Donkor , Adu Offei-Danso , Alex Rodriguez , Francesco Sciortino , Ali Hassanali

Liquid water has anomalous liquid properties, such as its density maximum at 4\degree C. An attempt at theoretical explanation proposes a liquid-liquid phase transition line in the supercooled liquid state, with coexisting low-density (LDL)…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2019-09-04 Peter Mausbach , Helge-Otmar May , George Ruppeiner

Water is the most important liquid in the Universe. At the same time it is the most anomalous liquid. It demonstrates several dozens of anomalies, among which are density anomaly, diffusion anomaly etc. Anomalous behavior of water is a…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2017-06-12 Yu. D. Fomin , E. N. Tsiok , V. N. Ryzhov , V. V. Brazhkin

In the supercooled regime at elevated pressure two forms of liquid water, high-density (HDL) and low-density (LDL), have been proposed to be separated by a coexistence line ending at a critical point, but a connection to ambient conditions…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2011-06-27 K. T. Wikfeldt , A. Nilsson , L. G. M. Pettersson

Water shows anomalous properties that are enhanced upon supercooling. The unusual behavior is observed in both H$_2$O and D$_2$O, however with different temperature dependences for the two isotopes. It is often noted that comparing the…

Chemical Physics · Physics 2024-03-14 Greg A. Kimmel

We review the available experimental information on the thermodynamic properties of supercooled ordinary and heavy water and demonstrate the possibility of modeling these thermodynamic properties on a theoretical basis. We show that by…

Chemical Physics · Physics 2013-02-25 V. Holten , C. E. Bertrand , M. A. Anisimov , J. V. Sengers

We investigate the microscopic origin of water's anomalies by inspecting the hydrogen bond network (HBN) and the spatial organization of low-density-liquid (LDL) like and high-density-liquid (HDL) like environments. Specifically, we…

Chemical Physics · Physics 2019-03-27 Fausto Martelli

Water is a complex structured liquid of hydrogen-bonded molecules that displays a surprising array of unusual properties, also known as water anomalies, the most famous being the density maximum at about $4^\circ$C. The origin of these…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2015-06-16 John Russo , Hajime Tanaka
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