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Although regular conditional distributions (r.c.d.) are well-defined and widely used measure-theoretic objects, they can violate our intuition from the classical definition of a conditional probability given an event. For that purpose, the…

Probability · Mathematics 2025-03-27 Hristo Sariev

We consider the problem of inferring the probability distribution associated with a language, given data consisting of an infinite sequence of elements of the languge. We do this under two assumptions on the algorithms concerned: (i) like a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2014-07-16 Paul M. B. Vitanyi , Nick Chater

We study an untyped lambda calculus with quantum data and classical control. This work stems from previous proposals by Selinger and Valiron and by Van Tonder. We focus on syntax and expressiveness, rather than (denotational) semantics. We…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2007-05-23 Ugo Dal Lago , Andrea Masini , Margherita Zorzi

This invited paper presents an overview of an ongoing research program aimed at extending the Curry-Howard-Lambek correspondence to quantum computation. We explore two key frameworks that provide both logical and computational foundations…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2025-06-26 Alejandro Díaz-Caro

A non-deterministic call-by-need lambda-calculus \calc with case, constructors, letrec and a (non-deterministic) erratic choice, based on rewriting rules is investigated. A standard reduction is defined as a variant of left-most outermost…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2007-05-23 Manfred Schmidt-Schauß , Michael Huber

Quantum computing exploits quantum phenomena such as superposition and entanglement to realize a form of parallelism that is not available to traditional computing. It offers the potential of significant computational speed-ups in quantum…

We reconstruct finite-dimensional quantum theory with superselection rules, which can describe hybrid quantum-classical systems, from four purely operational postulates: symmetric sharpness, complete mixing, filtering, and local equality.…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-05-26 Kenji Nakahira

Verifying the functional correctness of programs with both classical and quantum constructs is a challenging task. The presence of probabilistic behaviour entailed by quantum measurements and unbounded while loops complicate the…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2025-02-17 Huiling Wu , Yuxin Deng , Ming Xu

We discuss how to reconstruct quantum theory from operational postulates. In particular, the following postulates are consistent only with for classical probability theory and quantum theory. Logical Sharpness: There is a one-to-one map…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2013-03-20 Lucien Hardy

We introduce the structural resource lambda-calculus, a new formalism in which strongly normalizing terms of the lambda-calculus can naturally be represented, and at the same time any type derivation can be internally rewritten to its…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2025-03-26 Ugo Dal Lago , Federico Olimpieri

Adding rewriting to a proof assistant based on the Curry-Howard isomorphism, such as Coq, may greatly improve usability of the tool. Unfortunately adding an arbitrary set of rewrite rules may render the underlying formal system undecidable…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2015-07-01 Daria Walukiewicz-Chrzaszcz , Jacek Chrzaszcz

We consider a programming language that can manipulate both classical and quantum information. Our language is type-safe and designed for variational quantum programming, which is a hybrid classical-quantum computational paradigm. The…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2022-01-19 Xiaodong Jia , Andre Kornell , Bert Lindenhovius , Michael Mislove , Vladimir Zamdzhiev

We show that probabilistic computable functions, i.e., those functions outputting distributions and computed by probabilistic Turing machines, can be characterized by a natural generalization of Church and Kleene's partial recursive…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2014-06-26 Ugo Dal Lago , Sara Zuppiroli

The main novelty of this paper is to consider an extension of the Calculus of Constructions where predicates can be defined with a general form of rewrite rules. We prove the strong normalization of the reduction relation generated by the…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2016-08-16 Frédéric Blanqui

A term calculus for the proofs in multiplicative-additive linear logic is introduced and motivated as a programming language for channel based concurrency. The term calculus is proved complete for a semantics in linearly distributive…

Category Theory · Mathematics 2010-03-03 J. R. B. Cockett , C. A. Pastro

We define a congruence that copes with null next-symbol probabilities that arise when the output of a language model is constrained by some means during text generation. We develop an algorithm for efficiently learning the quotient with…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2024-06-18 Matías Carrasco , Franz Mayr , Sergio Yovine , Johny Kidd , Martín Iturbide , Juan Pedro da Silva , Alejo Garat

Quantum theory is formulated as the uniquely consistent way to manipulate probability amplitudes. The crucial ingredient is a consistency constraint: if the amplitude of a quantum process can be computed in two different ways, the two…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-10-31 Ariel Caticha

A quantum probability model is introduced and used to explain human probability judgment errors including the conjunction, disjunction, inverse, and conditional fallacies, as well as unpacking effects and partitioning effects. Quantum…

General Physics · Physics 2009-09-16 Jerome R. Busemeyer , Riccardo Franco , Emmanuel M. Pothos

Words are sequences of letters over a finite alphabet. We study two intimately related topics for this object: quasi-randomness and limit theory. With respect to the first topic we investigate the notion of uniform distribution of letters…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2021-09-01 Hiêp Hàn , Marcos Kiwi , Matías Pavez-Signé

Refactoring is a crucial technique for improving the efficiency and maintainability of software by restructuring its internal design while preserving its external behavior. While classical programs have benefited from various refactoring…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2023-06-21 Jianjun Zhao