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A tutorial overview is given on interactions between atoms and surfaces that are mediated by the electromagnetic field. The emphasis is on dispersion (or van der Waals) forces and transitions induced by thermal fluctuations in the near…
Friction is usually a very complicated process. It appears in its most elementary form when two flat surfaces separated by vacuum gap are sliding relative to each other at zero Kelvin and the friction is generated by the relative movement…
Using molecular dynamics (MD) we study the dependency of the contact mechanics on the sliding speed when an elastic block (cylinder) with a ${\rm cos} (q_0 x)$ surface height profile is sliding in adhesive contact on a rigid flat…
Spatially separated bodies in relative motion through vacuum experience a tiny friction force known as quantum friction. This force has so far eluded experimental detection due to its small magnitude and short range. Quantitative details…
The effect of nonlinear friction forces in quantum mechanics is studied via dissipative Madelung hydrodynamics. A new thermo-quantum diffusion equation is derived, which is solved for the particular case of quantum Brownian motion with a…
We analyze the quantum mechanics of the friction experienced by a small system as it moves non-destructively with velocity $v$ over a surface. Specifically, we model the interactions between the system and the surface with a…
The viscous interaction of fluid is understood as the response to deformation, which is proportional to the strain rate. This model has gradually become the standard since Stokes, and has become the basis of the classical flow theory,…
Brownian motion occurs in a variety of fluids, from rare gases to liquids. The Langevin equation, describing friction and agitation forces in statistical balance, is one of the most successful ways to treat the phenomenon. In rare gases, it…
Energy dissipation by fast crystalline defects takes place mainly through the resonant interaction of their cores with periodic lattice. We show that the resultant effective friction can be reduced to zero by appropriately tuned acoustic…
Quantum friction, the electromagnetic fluctuation-induced frictional force decelerating an atom which moves past a macroscopic dielectric body, has so far eluded experimental evidence despite more than three decades of theoretical studies.…
The effect of surface curvature on the law relating frictional forces F with normal load L is investigated by molecular dynamics simulations as a function of surface symmetry, adhesion, and contamination. Curved, non-adhering, dry,…
We study the motion of elastic networks driven over a random substrate. Our model which includes local friction forces leads to complex dynamical behavior. We find a transition to a sliding state which belongs to a new universality class.…
Structural superlubricity is an intriguing physical phenomenon, whereby sliding at a structurally incommensurate, atomically flat interface yields vanishingly small friction forces. Despite its recent experimental validation, critical…
Friction is ubiquitous in daily life, from nanoscale machines to large engineering components. By probing the intricate interplay between system parameters and frictional behavior, scientists seek to unveil the underlying mechanisms that…
Experimental observations suggest that molecular adsorbates exhibit a larger friction coefficient than atomic species of comparable mass, yet the origin of this increased friction is not well understood. We present a study of the…
When a Brownian object is in a nonequilibrium steady state, actual force exerted on it is different from one in a thermal equilibrium. In our previous paper [Phys. Rev. Lett. 108 (2012), 160601] we discovered a general principle which…
We use general concepts of statistical mechanics to compute the quantum frictional force on an atom moving at constant velocity above a planar surface. We derive the zero-temperature frictional force using a non-equilibrium…
The nature of an instability that controls the transition from static to dynamical friction is studied in the the context of an array of frictional disks that are pressed from above on a substrate. In this case the forces are all explicit…
This review explores particle resuspension from surfaces due to fluid flows. The objective of this review is to provide a general framework and terminology for particle resuspension while highlighting the future developments needed to…
We consider the response of a one-dimensional system with friction. S.W. Shaw (Journal of Sound and Vibration, 1986) introduced the set up of different coefficients for the static and dynamic phases (also called stick and slip phases). He…