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Word embedding maps words into a low-dimensional continuous embedding space by exploiting the local word collocation patterns in a small context window. On the other hand, topic modeling maps documents onto a low-dimensional topic space, by…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2016-08-09 Shaohua Li , Tat-Seng Chua , Jun Zhu , Chunyan Miao

Distributed word embeddings have yielded state-of-the-art performance in many NLP tasks, mainly due to their success in capturing useful semantic information. These representations assign only a single vector to each word whereas a large…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-02-04 Shobhit Jain , Sravan Babu Bodapati , Ramesh Nallapati , Anima Anandkumar

Text embeddings are a fundamental component in many NLP tasks, including classification, regression, clustering, and semantic search. However, despite their ubiquitous application, challenges persist in interpreting embeddings and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-03 Juri Opitz , Lucas Möller , Andrianos Michail , Sebastian Padó , Simon Clematide

Despite extensive recent advances in summary generation models, evaluation of auto-generated summaries still widely relies on single-score systems insufficient for transparent assessment and in-depth qualitative analysis. Towards bridging…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-10-26 Ben Schaper , Christopher Lohse , Marcell Streile , Andrea Giovannini , Richard Osuala

We present a novel approach to learn representations for sentence-level semantic similarity using conversational data. Our method trains an unsupervised model to predict conversational input-response pairs. The resulting sentence embeddings…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2018-04-23 Yinfei Yang , Steve Yuan , Daniel Cer , Sheng-yi Kong , Noah Constant , Petr Pilar , Heming Ge , Yun-Hsuan Sung , Brian Strope , Ray Kurzweil

Embeddings play an important role in end-to-end solutions for multi-modal language processing problems. Although there has been some effort to understand the properties of single-modality embedding spaces, particularly that of text, their…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-01-20 Muhammad Huzaifah , Ivan Kukanov

External knowledge is often useful for natural language understanding tasks. We introduce a contextual text representation model called Conceptual-Contextual (CC) embeddings, which incorporates structured knowledge into text…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-03-13 Xiao Zhang , Dejing Dou , Ji Wu

Text embeddings from large language models (LLMs) have achieved excellent results in tasks such as information retrieval, semantic textual similarity, etc. In this work, we show an interesting finding: when feeding a text into the LLM-based…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-07-08 Zhijie Nie , Richong Zhang , Zhanyu Wu

Different word embedding models capture different aspects of linguistic properties. This inspired us to propose a model (M-MaxLSTM-CNN) for employing multiple sets of word embeddings for evaluating sentence similarity/relation. Representing…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2018-05-22 Huy Nguyen Tien , Minh Nguyen Le , Yamasaki Tomohiro , Izuha Tatsuya

Text embedding representing natural language documents in a semantic vector space can be used for document retrieval using nearest neighbor lookup. In order to study the feasibility of neural models specialized for retrieval in a…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2019-05-03 Tolgahan Cakaloglu , Christian Szegedy , Xiaowei Xu

Social scientists analyze citation networks to study how documents influence subsequent work across various domains such as judicial politics and international relations. However, conventional approaches that summarize document attributes…

Applications · Statistics 2025-02-26 ByungKoo Kim , Saki Kuzushima , Yuki Shiraito

While cross-lingual word embeddings have been studied extensively in recent years, the qualitative differences between the different algorithms remain vague. We observe that whether or not an algorithm uses a particular feature set…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2017-01-11 Omer Levy , Anders Søgaard , Yoav Goldberg

The reading comprehension task, that asks questions about a given evidence document, is a central problem in natural language understanding. Recent formulations of this task have typically focused on answer selection from a set of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2017-03-21 Kenton Lee , Shimi Salant , Tom Kwiatkowski , Ankur Parikh , Dipanjan Das , Jonathan Berant

Word embeddings have been shown to be useful across state-of-the-art systems in many natural language processing tasks, ranging from question answering systems to dependency parsing. (Herbelot and Vecchi, 2015) explored word embeddings and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2016-07-12 Franck Dernoncourt

Embedding models, which learn latent representations of users and items based on user-item interaction patterns, are a key component of recommendation systems. In many applications, contextual constraints need to be applied to refine…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2019-07-04 Syrine Krichene , Mike Gartrell , Clement Calauzenes

Semantic Textual Similarity (STS) is a crucial component of many Natural Language Processing (NLP) applications. However, existing approaches typically reduce semantic nuances to a single score, limiting interpretability. To address this,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-15 Diego Miguel Lozano , Daryna Dementieva , Alexander Fraser

We present a novel and effective technique for performing text coherence tasks while facilitating deeper insights into the data. Despite obtaining ever-increasing task performance, modern deep-learning approaches to NLP tasks often only…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-08-09 Tanner Bohn , Yining Hu , Jinhang Zhang , Charles X. Ling

Text classification, as the task consisting in assigning categories to textual instances, is a very common task in information science. Methods learning distributed representations of words, such as word embeddings, have become popular in…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-12-15 Arkaitz Zubiaga

Recent advances in large language models enable documents to be represented as dense semantic embeddings, supporting similarity-based operations over large text collections. However, many web-scale systems still rely on flat clustering or…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-01-30 Thomas Haschka , Joseph Bakarji

Interpretable rationales for model predictions play a critical role in practical applications. In this study, we develop models possessing interpretable inference process for structured prediction. Specifically, we present a method of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-05-01 Hiroki Ouchi , Jun Suzuki , Sosuke Kobayashi , Sho Yokoi , Tatsuki Kuribayashi , Ryuto Konno , Kentaro Inui