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We work with the signed digit representation of abstract real numbers, which roughly is the binary representation enriched by the additional digit -1. The main objective of this paper is an algorithm which takes a sequence of signed digit…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2025-03-26 Franziskus Wiesnet

Security in code generation remains a pivotal challenge when applying large language models (LLMs). This paper introduces RefleXGen, an innovative method that significantly enhances code security by integrating Retrieval-Augmented…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-10-29 Bin Wang , Hui Li , AoFan Liu , BoTao Yang , Ao Yang , YiLu Zhong , Weixiang Huang , Yanping Zhang , Runhuai Huang , Weimin Zeng

Given the intractably large size of the space of proofs, any model that is capable of general deductive reasoning must generalize to proofs of greater complexity. Recent studies have shown that large language models (LLMs) possess some…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-11-07 Abulhair Saparov , Richard Yuanzhe Pang , Vishakh Padmakumar , Nitish Joshi , Seyed Mehran Kazemi , Najoung Kim , He He

Recent work has shown that integrating large language models (LLMs) with theorem provers (TPs) in neuro-symbolic pipelines helps with entailment verification and proof-guided refinement of explanations for natural language inference (NLI).…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-01-28 Xin Quan , Marco Valentino , Louise A. Dennis , André Freitas

We present a new type system combining occurrence typing, previously used to type check programs in dynamically-typed languages such as Racket, JavaScript, and Ruby, with dependent refinement types. We demonstrate that the addition of…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2016-10-05 Andrew M. Kent , David Kempe , Sam Tobin-Hochstadt

This work is devoted to the study of the problem of user-level capture and restoration of running computations in heterogeneous environments. Support for those operations has traditionally been offered through ready-made solutions for…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2015-03-17 Anolan Milanés , Noemi Rodriguez , Roberto Ierusalimschy

Large language models (LLMs) have exhibited remarkable few-shot learning capabilities and unified the paradigm of NLP tasks through the in-context learning (ICL) technique. Despite the success of ICL, the quality of the exemplar…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-12-13 Yukang Lin , Bingchen Zhong , Shuoran Jiang , Joanna Siebert , Qingcai Chen

We consider type inference in the Hindley/Milner system extended with type annotations and constraints with a particular focus on Haskell-style type classes. We observe that standard inference algorithms are incomplete in the presence of…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2007-05-23 Peter J Stuckey , Martin Sulzmann , Jeremy Wazny

We propose an amortized analysis that approximates the resource usage of a Haskell expression. Using the plugin API of GHC, we convert the Haskell code into a simplified representation called GHC Core. We then apply a type-based system…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2019-08-20 Franz Siglmüller

Assessing the reasoning ability of Large Language Models (LLMs) over data remains an open and pressing research question. Compared with LLMs, human reasoning can derive corresponding modifications to the output based on certain kinds of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-21 Yifan Li , Qin Li , Min Zhang , Min Zhang

Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated significant promise in formal theorem proving. In this study, we investigate the ability of LLMs to discover novel theorems and produce verified proofs. We propose a pipeline called…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-07 Kazumi Kasaura , Naoto Onda , Yuta Oriike , Masaya Taniguchi , Akiyoshi Sannai , Sho Sonoda

While large language models (LLMs) are increasingly being used for program synthesis, they lack the global view needed to develop useful abstractions; they generally predict programs one at a time, often repeating the same functionality.…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-06-07 Elias Stengel-Eskin , Archiki Prasad , Mohit Bansal

When scripts in untyped languages grow into large programs, maintaining them becomes difficult. A lack of explicit type annotations in typical scripting languages forces programmers to must (re)discover critical pieces of design information…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2011-06-15 Sam Tobin-Hochstadt , Matthias Felleisen

The emergence of in-context learning (ICL) enables large pre-trained language models (PLMs) to make predictions for unseen inputs without updating parameters. Despite its potential, ICL's effectiveness heavily relies on the quality,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-07-02 Xiaoling Zhou , Wei Ye , Yidong Wang , Chaoya Jiang , Zhemg Lee , Rui Xie , Shikun Zhang

Multi-label legal annotation requires assigning multiple labels from large, evolving taxonomies to long, fact-intensive documents, often under limited supervision. Parametric encoders typically require task-specific training and retraining…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-19 Li Zhang , Jaromir Savelka , Kevin Ashley

Recent advances in automated theorem proving (ATP) through LLMs have highlighted the potential of formal reasoning with Lean 4 codes. However, ATP has not yet be revolutionized by the recent posttraining scaling as demonstrated by Open AI…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-07-15 Jingyuan Zhang , Qi Wang , Xingguang Ji , Yahui Liu , Yang Yue , Fuzheng Zhang , Di Zhang , Guorui Zhou , Kun Gai

Numerical reasoning over hybrid data containing tables and long texts has recently received research attention from the AI community. To generate an executable reasoning program consisting of math and table operations to answer a question,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-11-24 Xiao Li , Yin Zhu , Sichen Liu , Jiangzhou Ju , Yuzhong Qu , Gong Cheng

Large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated significant potential in formal theorem proving, yet state-of-the-art performance often necessitates prohibitive test-time compute via massive roll-outs or extended context windows. In this…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-22 Guchan Li , Rui Tian , Hongning Wang

Most efforts to improve the reasoning capabilities of large language models (LLMs) involve either scaling the number of parameters and the size of training data, or scaling inference computation by letting models generate complex chains of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-10 Yeskendir Koishekenov , Aldo Lipani , Nicola Cancedda

Large language models augmented with task-relevant documents have demonstrated impressive performance on knowledge-intensive tasks. However, regarding how to obtain effective documents, the existing methods are mainly divided into two…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-10-10 Zhangyin Feng , Xiaocheng Feng , Dezhi Zhao , Maojin Yang , Bing Qin
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