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The hadron resonance gas (HRG) model is often believed to correctly describe the confined phase of QCD. This assumption is the basis of many phenomenological works on QCD thermodynamics and of the analysis of hadron yields in relativistic…

We study the effect of rotation and the consequent angular momentum fluctuations in a hadron resonance gas produced in ultra-relativistic heavy ion collisions. The rotational susceptibilities ($\chi_{\rm \omega}$, $\chi^{2}_{\rm \omega}$,…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2025-07-08 Bhagyarathi Sahoo , Kshitish Kumar Pradhan , Dushmanta Sahu , Raghunath Sahoo

We calculate several diagonal and non-diagonal fluctuations of conserved charges in a system of 2+1+1 quark flavors with physical masses, on a lattice with size $48^3\times12$. Higher order fluctuations at $\mu_B=0$ are obtained as…

We present temperature ($T$) and baryonic chemical potential ($\mu_B$) dependence of higher order fluctuations and correlation between conserved charges in Excluded Volume Hadron Resonance Gas (EVHRG) model. Products of moments, such as…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2015-06-17 Abhijit Bhattacharyya , Supriya Das , Sanjay K. Ghosh , Rajarshi Ray , Subhasis Samanta

We present a first-principles lattice QCD investigation of second-order fluctuations of and correlations among conserved charges -- baryon number (B), electric charge (Q), and strangeness (S) -- in the presence of external magnetic fields.…

High Energy Physics - Lattice · Physics 2025-06-17 Heng-Tong Ding , Jin-Biao Gu , Arpith Kumar , Sheng-Tai Li

Like fluctuations, non-diagonal correlators of conserved charges provide a tool for the study of chemical freeze-out in heavy ion collisions. They can be calculated in thermal equilibrium using lattice simulations, and be connected to…

Preliminary data from the Beam-Energy Scan II measurements by the STAR Collaboration at the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider suggest a dip in the fourth-to-second-order cumulant ratio when plotted vs. beam energy. At the same energy range…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2024-07-30 Oleh Savchuk

We present the first lattice QCD results of the second order fluctuations of and correlations among net baryon number, electric charge and strangeness in (2+1)-flavor lattice QCD in the presence of a background magnetic field with physical…

High Energy Physics - Lattice · Physics 2022-08-16 Heng-Tong Ding , Sheng-Tai Li , Jun-Hong Liu , Xiao-Dan Wang

The magnitude of the local fluctuations of the net baryon number and electric charge differs widely between the confined and deconfined phases, and the difference is partially frozen at an early stage in relativistic heavy ion collisions.…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2010-05-28 M. Asakawa , U. Heinz , B. Muller

The multiplicity fluctuations of hadrons are studied within the statistical hadron-resonance gas model in the large volume limit. The role of quantum statistics and resonance decay effects are discussed. The microscopic correlator method is…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2008-11-26 Mark Gorenstein

We investigate fluctuations of the net-baryon number density in hot hadronic matter. We discuss the interplay between chiral dynamics and repulsive interactions and their influence on the properties of these fluctuations near the chiral…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2021-03-29 Michał Marczenko , Krzysztof Redlich , Chihiro Sasaki

We study the effect of magnetic field on particle yields and charge fluctuations in hadron resonance gas. We argue that the big changes in the proton yield and baryon number susceptibility are due to ill-defined description of higher-spin…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2025-10-03 Pasi Huovinen , Michał Marczenko , Michał Szymański , Bithika Karmakar , Pok Man Lo , Chihiro Sasaki , Krzysztof Redlich

We study the baryonic fluctuations of electric charge, baryon number and strangeness, by considering a realization of the Hadron Resonance Gas model in the light flavor sector of QCD. We elaborate on the idea that the susceptibilities can…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2025-01-10 E. Megias , E. Ruiz Arriola , L. L. Salcedo

We compare lattice QCD results for appropriate combinations of net strangeness fluctuations and their correlations with net baryon number fluctuations with predictions from two hadron resonance gas (HRG) models having different strange…

The dynamical fluctuation and correlation of multiplicity distributions of identified baryons and antibaryons produced by the hadronization of the bulk quark system are systematically studied in quark combination model. Starting from the…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2017-01-11 Jun Song , Hai-hong Li , Rui-qin Wang , Feng-lan Shao

Understanding the phase diagram of QCD by measuring fluctuations of conserved charges in heavy-ion collision is one of the main goals of the beam energy scan program at RHIC. Within this work, we calculate the role of hadronic interactions…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2023-05-10 Jan Hammelmann , Hannah Elfner

The hadron resonance gas (HRG) model and its extensions are often used to describe the hadronic phase of strongly interacting matter. In our work we use lattice-QCD simulations with temporal extents of $N_\tau=8,10$ and $12$ to quantify…

We calculate electric and baryonic charge fluctuations on the lattice. Results have been obtained with the highly improved staggered quark action (HISQ) and almost physical quark masses on lattices with spacial extent of $N_\tau=6,8,12$.…

High Energy Physics - Lattice · Physics 2015-06-12 Christian Schmidt

We explore fluctuations of the net-baryon number density in hadronic matter at vanishing chemical potential. We discuss the interplay between chiral dynamics and repulsive interactions and their influence on the properties of these…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2021-09-30 Michał Marczenko , Krzysztof Redlich , Chihiro Sasaki

We present results on baryon number, strangeness and electric charge fluctuations in QCD at non-zero density and temperature obtained from lattice calculations with almost physical quark masses. At vanishing chemical potential, i.e. under…

High Energy Physics - Lattice · Physics 2008-11-26 C. Schmidt , for RBC-Bielefeld Collaboration