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The planned upgrade of the LHC accelerator at CERN, namely the high luminosity (HL) phase of the LHC (HL-LHC foreseen for 2023), will result in a more intense radiation environment than the present tracking system was designed for. The…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2015-12-09 Timo Peltola

The next upgrade of the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) is planned from 2026 when the collider will move to its High Luminosity phase (HL-LHC). The CMS detector needs to be substantially upgraded during this period to exploit the fourfold…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2023-02-01 Tamas Almos Vami , Morris Swartz

This review reports preliminary results of time-dependent measurements of decays of B^0 mesons and B^0_s mesons coming from the analysis of about 36 pb^-1 of data collected by the LHCb experiment during the 2010 run of the Large Hadron…

High Energy Physics - Experiment · Physics 2019-08-13 Marta Calvi

The upgrade to the ATLAS trigger for LHC Run 2 is presented including a description of the design and performance of the newly reimplemented tracking algorithms. The profiling infrastructure, constructed to provide prompt feedback from the…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2019-08-13 Benjamin Sowden

TORCH is a time-of-flight detector, designed to provide charged pi/K particle identification up to a momentum of 10 GeV/c for a 10 m flight path. To achieve this level of performance, a time resolution of 15 ps per incident particle is…

Jet constituents provide a more detailed description of a jet's radiation pattern than global observables. In simulations for ATLAS Run-2 data (2015-2018), transformer-based taggers trained on low-level inputs outperformed traditional…

High Energy Physics - Experiment · Physics 2025-09-19 F. L. Castillo , J Levêque

The existing ATLAS Tracker will be at its functional limit for particle fluences of 10^15 neq/cm^2 (LHC). Thus for the upgrades at smaller radii like in the case of the planned Insertable B-Layer (IBL) and for increased LHC luminosities…

Pixel sensors in 3D technology equip the outer ends of the staves of the Insertable B Layer (IBL), the innermost layer of the ATLAS Pixel Detector, which was installed before the start of LHC Run 2 in 2015. 3D pixel sensors are expected to…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2024-12-18 ATLAS Collaboration

The performance of top taggers, for example in resonance searches, can be significantly enhanced through an increased set of variables, with a special focus on final-state radiation. We study the production and the decay of a heavy gauge…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2015-03-23 Gregor Kasieczka , Tilman Plehn , Torben Schell , Thomas Strebler , Gavin P. Salam

In view of the high luminosity phase of the LHC (HL-LHC) to start operation around 2026, a major upgrade of the tracker system for the ATLAS experiment is in preparation. The expected neutron equivalent fluence of up to 2.4 * 1e16 1 MeV…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2018-02-14 Julien-Christopher Beyer , Alessandro La Rosa , Anna Macchiolo , Natascha Savic , Reem Taibah

The trigger system of the LHCb experiment is discussed in this paper and its performance is evaluated on a dataset recorded during the 2012 run of the LHC. The main purpose of the LHCb trigger system is to separate heavy flavour signals…

High Energy Physics - Experiment · Physics 2014-06-13 J. Albrecht , V. V. Gligorov , G. Raven , S. Tolk

The determination of track reconstruction efficiencies at LHCb using $J/\psi\rightarrow\mu^{+}\mu^{-}$ decays is presented. Efficiencies above $95\%$ are found for the data taking periods in 2010, 2011, and 2012. The ratio of the track…

High Energy Physics - Experiment · Physics 2016-08-10 LHCb collaboration , R. Aaij , B. Adeva , M. Adinolfi , A. Affolder , Z. Ajaltouni , S. Akar , J. Albrecht , F. Alessio , M. Alexander , S. Ali , G. Alkhazov , P. Alvarez Cartelle , A. A. Alves , S. Amato , S. Amerio , Y. Amhis , L. An , L. Anderlini , J. Anderson , R. Andreassen , M. Andreotti , J. E. Andrews , R. B. Appleby , O. Aquines Gutierrez , F. Archilli , A. Artamonov , M. Artuso , E. Aslanides , G. Auriemma , M. Baalouch , S. Bachmann , J. J. Back , A. Badalov , W. Baldini , R. J. Barlow , C. Barschel , S. Barsuk , W. Barter , V. Batozskaya , V. Battista , A. Bay , L. Beaucourt , J. Beddow , F. Bedeschi , I. Bediaga , S. Belogurov , K. Belous , I. Belyaev , E. Ben-Haim , G. Bencivenni , S. Benson , J. Benton , A. Berezhnoy , R. Bernet , M. -O. Bettler , M. van Beuzekom , A. Bien , S. Bifani , T. Bird , A. Bizzeti , P. M. Bjørnstad , T. Blake , F. Blanc , J. Blouw , S. Blusk , V. Bocci , A. Bondar , N. Bondar , W. Bonivento , S. Borghi , A. Borgia , M. Borsato , T. J. V. Bowcock , E. Bowen , C. Bozzi , T. Brambach , J. van den Brand , J. Bressieux , D. Brett , M. Britsch , T. Britton , J. Brodzicka , N. H. Brook , H. Brown , A. Bursche , G. Busetto , J. Buytaert , S. Cadeddu , R. Calabrese , M. Calvi , M. Calvo Gomez , P. Campana , D. Campora Perez , A. Carbone , G. Carboni , R. Cardinale , A. Cardini , L. Carson , K. Carvalho Akiba , G. Casse , L. Cassina , L. Castillo Garcia , M. Cattaneo , Ch. Cauet , R. Cenci , M. Charles , Ph. Charpentier , S. Chen , S. -F. Cheung , N. Chiapolini , M. Chrzaszcz , K. Ciba , X. Cid Vidal , G. Ciezarek , P. E. L. Clarke , M. Clemencic , H. V. Cliff , J. Closier , V. Coco , J. Cogan , E. Cogneras , P. Collins , A. Comerma-Montells , A. Contu , A. Cook , M. Coombes , S. Coquereau , G. Corti , M. Corvo , I. Counts , B. Couturier , G. A. Cowan , D. C. Craik , M. Cruz Torres , S. Cunliffe , R. Currie , C. D'Ambrosio , J. Dalseno , P. David , P. N. Y. David , A. Davis , K. De Bruyn , S. De Capua , M. De Cian , J. M. De Miranda , L. De Paula , W. De Silva , P. De Simone , D. Decamp , M. Deckenhoff , L. Del Buono , N. Déléage , D. Derkach , O. Deschamps , F. Dettori , A. Di Canto , H. Dijkstra , S. Donleavy , F. Dordei , M. Dorigo , A. Dosil Suárez , D. Dossett , A. Dovbnya , K. Dreimanis , G. Dujany , F. Dupertuis , P. Durante , R. Dzhelyadin , A. Dziurda , A. Dzyuba , S. Easo , U. Egede , V. Egorychev , S. Eidelman , S. Eisenhardt , U. Eitschberger , R. Ekelhof , L. Eklund , I. El Rifai , Ch. Elsasser , S. Ely , S. Esen , H. -M. Evans , T. Evans , A. Falabella , C. Färber , C. Farinelli , N. Farley , S. Farry , RF Fay , D. Ferguson , V. Fernandez Albor , F. Ferreira Rodrigues , M. Ferro-Luzzi , S. Filippov , M. Fiore , M. Fiorini , M. Firlej , C. Fitzpatrick , T. Fiutowski , M. Fontana , F. Fontanelli , R. Forty , O. Francisco , M. Frank , C. Frei , M. Frosini , J. Fu , E. Furfaro , A. Gallas Torreira , D. Galli , S. Gallorini , S. Gambetta , M. Gandelman , P. Gandini , Y. Gao , J. García Pardiñas , J. Garofoli , J. Garra Tico , L. Garrido , C. Gaspar , R. Gauld , L. Gavardi , G. Gavrilov , E. Gersabeck , M. Gersabeck , T. Gershon , Ph. Ghez , A. Gianelle , S. Giani' , V. Gibson , L. Giubega , V. V. Gligorov , C. Göbel , D. Golubkov , A. Golutvin , A. Gomes , C. Gotti , M. Grabalosa Gándara , R. Graciani Diaz , L. A. Granado Cardoso , E. Graugés , G. Graziani , A. Grecu , E. Greening , S. Gregson , P. Griffith , L. Grillo , O. Grünberg , B. Gui , E. Gushchin , Yu. Guz , T. Gys , C. Hadjivasiliou , G. Haefeli , C. Haen , S. C. Haines , S. Hall , B. Hamilton , T. Hampson , X. Han , S. Hansmann-Menzemer , N. Harnew , S. T. Harnew , J. Harrison , J. He , T. Head , V. Heijne , K. Hennessy , P. Henrard , L. Henry , J. A. Hernando Morata , E. van Herwijnen , M. Heß , A. Hicheur , D. Hill , M. Hoballah , C. Hombach , W. Hulsbergen , P. Hunt , N. Hussain , D. Hutchcroft , D. Hynds , M. Idzik , P. Ilten , R. Jacobsson , A. Jaeger , J. Jalocha , E. Jans , P. Jaton , A. Jawahery , F. Jing , M. John , D. Johnson , C. R. Jones , C. Joram , B. Jost , N. Jurik , M. Kaballo , S. Kandybei , W. Kanso , M. Karacson , T. M. Karbach , S. Karodia , M. Kelsey , I. R. Kenyon , T. Ketel , B. Khanji , C. Khurewathanakul , S. Klaver , K. Klimaszewski , O. Kochebina , M. Kolpin , I. Komarov , R. F. Koopman , P. Koppenburg , M. Korolev , A. Kozlinskiy , L. Kravchuk , K. Kreplin , M. Kreps , G. Krocker , P. Krokovny , F. Kruse , W. Kucewicz , M. Kucharczyk , V. Kudryavtsev , K. Kurek , T. Kvaratskheliya , V. N. La Thi , D. Lacarrere , G. Lafferty , A. Lai , D. Lambert , R. W. Lambert , G. Lanfranchi , C. Langenbruch , B. Langhans , T. Latham , C. Lazzeroni , R. Le Gac , J. van Leerdam , J. -P. Lees , R. Lefèvre , A. Leflat , J. Lefrançois , S. Leo , O. Leroy , T. Lesiak , B. Leverington , Y. Li , T. Likhomanenko , M. Liles , R. Lindner , C. Linn , F. Lionetto , B. Liu , S. Lohn , I. Longstaff , J. H. Lopes , N. Lopez-March , P. Lowdon , H. Lu , D. Lucchesi , H. Luo , A. Lupato , E. Luppi , O. Lupton , F. Machefert , I. V. Machikhiliyan , F. Maciuc , O. Maev , S. Malde , G. Manca , G. Mancinelli , J. Maratas , J. F. Marchand , U. Marconi , C. Marin Benito , P. Marino , R. Märki , J. Marks , G. Martellotti , A. Martens , A. Martín Sánchez , M. Martinelli , D. Martinez Santos , F. Martinez Vidal , D. Martins Tostes , A. Massafferri , R. Matev , Z. Mathe , C. Matteuzzi , A. Mazurov , M. McCann , J. McCarthy , A. McNab , R. McNulty , B. McSkelly , B. Meadows , F. Meier , M. Meissner , M. Merk , D. A. Milanes , M. -N. Minard , N. Moggi , J. Molina Rodriguez , S. Monteil , M. Morandin , P. Morawski , A. Mordà , M. J. Morello , J. Moron , A. -B. Morris , R. Mountain , F. Muheim , K. Müller , M. Mussini , B. Muster , P. Naik , T. Nakada , R. Nandakumar , I. Nasteva , M. Needham , N. Neri , S. Neubert , N. Neufeld , M. Neuner , A. D. Nguyen , T. D. Nguyen , C. Nguyen-Mau , M. Nicol , V. Niess , R. Niet , N. Nikitin , T. Nikodem , A. Novoselov , D. P. O'Hanlon , A. Oblakowska-Mucha , V. Obraztsov , S. Oggero , S. Ogilvy , O. Okhrimenko , R. Oldeman , G. Onderwater , M. Orlandea , J. M. Otalora Goicochea , P. Owen , A. Oyanguren , B. K. Pal , A. Palano , F. Palombo , M. Palutan , J. Panman , A. Papanestis , M. Pappagallo , L. L. Pappalardo , C. Parkes , C. J. Parkinson , G. Passaleva , G. D. Patel , M. Patel , C. Patrignani , A. Pazos Alvarez , A. Pearce , A. Pellegrino , M. Pepe Altarelli , S. Perazzini , E. Perez Trigo , P. Perret , M. Perrin-Terrin , L. Pescatore , E. Pesen , K. Petridis , A. Petrolini , E. Picatoste Olloqui , B. Pietrzyk , T. Pilař , D. Pinci , A. Pistone , S. Playfer , M. Plo Casasus , F. Polci , A. Poluektov , E. Polycarpo , A. Popov , D. Popov , B. Popovici , C. Potterat , E. Price , J. Prisciandaro , A. Pritchard , C. Prouve , V. Pugatch , A. Puig Navarro , G. Punzi , W. Qian , B. Rachwal , J. H. Rademacker , B. Rakotomiaramanana , M. Rama , M. S. Rangel , I. Raniuk , N. Rauschmayr , G. Raven , S. Reichert , M. M. Reid , A. C. dos Reis , S. Ricciardi , S. Richards , M. Rihl , K. Rinnert , V. Rives Molina , D. A. Roa Romero , P. Robbe , A. B. Rodrigues , E. Rodrigues , P. Rodriguez Perez , S. Roiser , V. Romanovsky , A. Romero Vidal , M. Rotondo , J. Rouvinet , T. Ruf , F. Ruffini , H. Ruiz , P. Ruiz Valls , J. J. Saborido Silva , N. Sagidova , P. Sail , B. Saitta , V. Salustino Guimaraes , C. Sanchez Mayordomo , B. Sanmartin Sedes , R. Santacesaria , C. Santamarina Rios , E. Santovetti , A. Sarti , C. Satriano , A. Satta , D. M. Saunders , M. Savrie , D. Savrina , M. Schiller , H. Schindler , M. Schlupp , M. Schmelling , B. Schmidt , O. Schneider , A. Schopper , M. -H. Schune , R. Schwemmer , B. Sciascia , A. Sciubba , M. Seco , A. Semennikov , I. Sepp , N. Serra , J. Serrano , L. Sestini , P. Seyfert , M. Shapkin , I. Shapoval , Y. Shcheglov , T. Shears , L. Shekhtman , V. Shevchenko , A. Shires , R. Silva Coutinho , G. Simi , M. Sirendi , N. Skidmore , T. Skwarnicki , N. A. Smith , E. Smith , E. Smith , J. Smith , M. Smith , H. Snoek , M. D. Sokoloff , F. J. P. Soler , F. Soomro , D. Souza , B. Souza De Paula , B. Spaan , A. Sparkes , P. Spradlin , S. Sridharan , F. Stagni , M. Stahl , S. Stahl , O. Steinkamp , O. Stenyakin , S. Stevenson , S. Stoica , S. Stone , B. Storaci , S. Stracka , M. Straticiuc , U. Straumann , R. Stroili , V. K. Subbiah , L. Sun , W. Sutcliffe , K. Swientek , S. Swientek , V. Syropoulos , M. Szczekowski , P. Szczypka , D. Szilard , T. Szumlak , S. T'Jampens , M. Teklishyn , G. Tellarini , F. Teubert , C. Thomas , E. Thomas , J. van Tilburg , V. Tisserand , M. Tobin , S. Tolk , L. Tomassetti , D. Tonelli , S. Topp-Joergensen , N. Torr , E. Tournefier , S. Tourneur , M. T. Tran , M. Tresch , A. Tsaregorodtsev , P. Tsopelas , N. Tuning , M. Ubeda Garcia , A. Ukleja , A. Ustyuzhanin , U. Uwer , V. Vagnoni , G. Valenti , A. Vallier , R. Vazquez Gomez , P. Vazquez Regueiro , C. Vázquez Sierra , S. Vecchi , J. J. Velthuis , M. Veltri , G. Veneziano , M. Vesterinen , B. Viaud , D. Vieira , M. Vieites Diaz , X. Vilasis-Cardona , A. Vollhardt , D. Volyanskyy , D. Voong , A. Vorobyev , V. Vorobyev , C. Voß , H. Voss , J. A. de Vries , R. Waldi , C. Wallace , R. Wallace , J. Walsh , S. Wandernoth , J. Wang , D. R. Ward , N. K. Watson , D. Websdale , M. Whitehead , J. Wicht , D. Wiedner , G. Wilkinson , M. P. Williams , M. Williams , F. F. Wilson , J. Wimberley , J. Wishahi , W. Wislicki , M. Witek , G. Wormser , S. A. Wotton , S. Wright , S. Wu , K. Wyllie , Y. Xie , Z. Xing , Z. Xu , Z. Yang , X. Yuan , O. Yushchenko , M. Zangoli , M. Zavertyaev , L. Zhang , W. C. Zhang , Y. Zhang , A. Zhelezov , A. Zhokhov , L. Zhong , A. Zvyagin

The preliminary results of an aging test performed at the CERN Gamma Irradiation Facility on a single--gap RPC prototype developed for the LHCb Muon System are presented. The results are based on an accumulated charge density of 0.42…

With the LHC successfully collecting data at 7 TeV, plans are actively advancing for a series of upgrades leading eventually to about five times the LHC design-luminosity some 10-years from now in the High-Luminosity LHC (HL-LHC) project.…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2015-06-03 Peter Vankov

The muon detector of LHCb, which comprises 1368 multi-wire-proportional-chambers (MWPC) for a total area of 435 m2, is the largest instrument of its kind exposed to such a high-radiation environment. In nine years of operation, from 2010…

When testing and calibrating particle detectors in a test beam, accurate tracking information independent of the detector being tested is extremely useful during the offline analysis of the data. A general-purpose Silicon Beam Tracker (SBT)…

Muon identification is of paramount importance for the physics programme of LHCb. In the upgrade phase, starting from Run 3 of the LHC, the trigger of the experiment will be solely based on software. The luminosity increase to…

The strategies for and the performance of the CMS silicon tracking system alignment during the 2015-2018 data-taking period of the LHC are described. The alignment procedures during and after data taking are explained. Alignment scenarios…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2022-06-15 CMS Collaboration

The ATLAS Inner Detector is a composite tracking system consisting of silicon pixels, silicon strips and straw tubes in a 2 T magnetic field. Its installation was completed in August 2008 and the detector took part in data- taking with…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2012-08-27 The ATLAS Collaboration

We update a physically-motivated model of radiation damage in the Hubble Space Telescope Advanced Camera for Surveys/Wide Field Channel, using data up to mid 2010. We find that Charge Transfer Inefficiency increased dramatically before…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2015-05-20 Richard Massey