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Learned image compression methods have attracted great research interest and exhibited superior rate-distortion performance to the best classical image compression standards of the present. The entropy model plays a key role in learned…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-05-16 Jingbo Lu , Leheng Zhang , Xingyu Zhou , Mu Li , Wen Li , Shuhang Gu

Visual Question Answering (VQA) emerges as one of the most fascinating topics in computer vision recently. Many state of the art methods naively use holistic visual features with language features into a Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM)…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2015-11-19 Aiwen Jiang , Fang Wang , Fatih Porikli , Yi Li

Vision Language Models (VLMs) mix visual tokens and text tokens. A puzzling issue is the fact that visual tokens most related to the query receive little to no attention in the final layers of the LLM module of VLMs from the answer tokens,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-11-18 Parsa Esmaeilkhani , Longin Jan Latecki

Bridging the semantic gap between image and question is an important step to improve the accuracy of the Visual Question Answering (VQA) task. However, most of the existing VQA methods focus on attention mechanisms or visual relations for…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-04-20 Binh X. Nguyen , Tuong Do , Huy Tran , Erman Tjiputra , Quang D. Tran , Anh Nguyen

Metric learning has become an attractive field for research on the latest years. Loss functions like contrastive loss, triplet loss or multi-class N-pair loss have made possible generating models capable of tackling complex scenarios with…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-05-28 Alfonso Medela , Artzai Picon

While most successful approaches for machine reading comprehension rely on single training objective, it is assumed that the encoder layer can learn great representation through the loss function we define in the predict layer, which is…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-11-18 Yifeng Xie

A number of studies point out that current Visual Question Answering (VQA) models are severely affected by the language prior problem, which refers to blindly making predictions based on the language shortcut. Some efforts have been devoted…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-05-06 Yangyang Guo , Liqiang Nie , Zhiyong Cheng , Feng Ji , Ji Zhang , Alberto Del Bimbo

The Federated Learning setting has a central server coordinating the training of a model on a network of devices. One of the challenges is variable training performance when the dataset has a class imbalance. In this paper, we address this…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-11-13 Dipankar Sarkar , Ankur Narang , Sumit Rai

Multi-modal reasoning in visual question answering (VQA) has witnessed rapid progress recently. However, most reasoning models heavily rely on shortcuts learned from training data, which prevents their usage in challenging real-world…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-11-22 Qi Zheng , Chaoyue Wang , Daqing Liu , Dadong Wang , Dacheng Tao

Multimodal reasoning has become a cornerstone of modern AI research. Standardized exam questions offer a uniquely rigorous testbed for such reasoning, providing structured visual contexts and verifiable answers. While recent progress has…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-02 Egemen Sert , Şeyda Ertekin

Answering semantically-complicated questions according to an image is challenging in Visual Question Answering (VQA) task. Although the image can be well represented by deep learning, the question is always simply embedded and cannot well…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-12-15 JianJian Cao , Xiameng Qin , Sanyuan Zhao , Jianbing Shen

The top-k error is a common measure of performance in machine learning and computer vision. In practice, top-k classification is typically performed with deep neural networks trained with the cross-entropy loss. Theoretical results indeed…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-02-22 Leonard Berrada , Andrew Zisserman , M. Pawan Kumar

Visual Grounding (VG) methods in Visual Question Answering (VQA) attempt to improve VQA performance by strengthening a model's reliance on question-relevant visual information. The presence of such relevant information in the visual input…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-02-16 Daniel Reich , Tanja Schultz

Vision-Language-Action (VLA) models integrate visual perception, language understanding, and action decision-making for cross-modal semantic alignment, exhibiting broad application potential. However, the joint processing of…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-08 Chuhang Liu , Yayun He , Zuheng Kang , Xiaoyang Qu , Jianzong Wang

Visual question answering (VQA) demands simultaneous comprehension of both the image visual content and natural language questions. In some cases, the reasoning needs the help of common sense or general knowledge which usually appear in the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2018-11-30 Hui Li , Peng Wang , Chunhua Shen , Anton van den Hengel

Recent advances in multimodal vision and language modeling have predominantly focused on the English language, mostly due to the lack of multilingual multimodal datasets to steer modeling efforts. In this work, we address this gap and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-03-18 Jonas Pfeiffer , Gregor Geigle , Aishwarya Kamath , Jan-Martin O. Steitz , Stefan Roth , Ivan Vulić , Iryna Gurevych

Visual Question Answering (VQA) requires models to reason over multimodal information, combining visual and textual data. With the development of continual learning, significant progress has been made in retaining knowledge and adapting to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-01-06 Zhifei Li , Yiran Wang , Chenyi Xiong , Yujing Xia , Xiaoju Hou , Yue Zhao , Miao Zhang , Kui Xiao , Bing Yang

We empirically investigate the (negative) expected accuracy as an alternative loss function to cross entropy (negative log likelihood) for classification tasks. Coupled with softmax activation, it has small derivatives over most of its…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-05-03 Ozan İrsoy

Depth estimation from 2D images is a common computer vision task that has applications in many fields including autonomous vehicles, scene understanding and robotics. The accuracy of a supervised depth estimation method mainly relies on the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-04-12 Muhammad Adeel Hafeez , Michael G. Madden , Ganesh Sistu , Ihsan Ullah

We introduce a novel loss function for training deep learning architectures to perform classification. It consists in minimizing the smoothness of label signals on similarity graphs built at the output of the architecture. Equivalently, it…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-05-02 Myriam Bontonou , Carlos Lassance , Ghouthi Boukli Hacene , Vincent Gripon , Jian Tang , Antonio Ortega