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This paper proposes hybrid semi-Markov conditional random fields (SCRFs) for neural sequence labeling in natural language processing. Based on conventional conditional random fields (CRFs), SCRFs have been designed for the tasks of…

Weakly supervised named entity recognition methods train label models to aggregate the token annotations of multiple noisy labeling functions (LFs) without seeing any manually annotated labels. To work well, the label model needs to…

Label-efficient time series representation learning, which aims to learn effective representations with limited labeled data, is crucial for deploying deep learning models in real-world applications. To address the scarcity of labeled time…

We introduce Variational State-Space Filters (VSSF), a new method for unsupervised learning, identification, and filtering of latent Markov state space models from raw pixels. We present a theoretically sound framework for latent state…

Segmental conditional random fields (SCRFs) and connectionist temporal classification (CTC) are two sequence labeling methods used for end-to-end training of speech recognition models. Both models define a transcription probability by…

Modern large language models (LLMs) excel at tasks that require storing and retrieving knowledge, such as factual recall and question answering. Transformers are central to this capability because they can encode information during training…

Semantic labeling of RGB-D scenes is crucial to many intelligent applications including perceptual robotics. It generates pixelwise and fine-grained label maps from simultaneously sensed photometric (RGB) and depth channels. This paper…

Semantic role labeling (SRL) is the task of identifying the predicate-argument structure of a sentence. It is typically regarded as an important step in the standard NLP pipeline. As the semantic representations are closely related to…

In this work, we take a representation learning perspective on hierarchical reinforcement learning, where the problem of learning lower layers in a hierarchy is transformed into the problem of learning trajectory-level generative models. We…

Recurrent neural networks, and in particular long short-term memory (LSTM) networks, are a remarkably effective tool for sequence modeling that learn a dense black-box hidden representation of their sequential input. Researchers interested…

Nowadays, neural network models achieve state-of-the-art results in many areas as computer vision or speech processing. For sequential data, especially for Natural Language Processing (NLP) tasks, Recurrent Neural Networks (RNNs) and their…

Dependency tree structures capture long-distance and syntactic relationships between words in a sentence. The syntactic relations (e.g., nominal subject, object) can potentially infer the existence of certain named entities. In addition,…

We investigate time-dependent data analysis from the perspective of recurrent kernel machines, from which models with hidden units and gated memory cells arise naturally. By considering dynamic gating of the memory cell, a model closely…

Neural approaches to sequence labeling often use a Conditional Random Field (CRF) to model their output dependencies, while Recurrent Neural Networks (RNN) are used for the same purpose in other tasks. We set out to establish RNNs as an…

In this paper, we introduce a novel method to interpret recurrent neural networks (RNNs), particularly long short-term memory networks (LSTMs) at the cellular level. We propose a systematic pipeline for interpreting individual hidden state…

Recurrent neural networks (RNNs) have led to breakthroughs in natural language processing and speech recognition, wherein hundreds of millions of people use such tools on a daily basis through smartphones, email servers and other avenues.…

Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) are effective models for reducing spectral variations and modeling spectral correlations in acoustic features for automatic speech recognition (ASR). Hybrid speech recognition systems incorporating CNNs…

This paper presents a method of designing specific high-order dependency factor on the linear chain conditional random fields (CRFs) for named entity recognition (NER). Named entities tend to be separated from each other by multiple outside…

We extend the recent latent recurrent modeling to sequential input streams. By interleaving fast, recurrent latent updates with self-organizational ability between slow observation updates, our method facilitates the learning of stable…

Frame stacking is broadly applied in end-to-end neural network training like connectionist temporal classification (CTC), and it leads to more accurate models and faster decoding. However, it is not well-suited to conventional neural…