Related papers: Truth values of quantum phenomena
The paper defends the thesis that analysis of truth problem in the context of interpretations of quantum logic allows to reveal the prospect of elicitation of specifics of the relations between quantum mechanics and quantum logic in a…
Following {\L}ukasiewicz, we argue that future non-certain events should be described with the use of many-valued, not 2-valued logic. The Greenberger-Horne-Zeilinger `paradox' is shown to be an artifact caused by unjustified use of…
In the paper, the question whether truth values can be assigned to the propositions before their verification is discussed. To answer this question, a notion of a propositionally noncontextual theory is introduced that in order to explain…
According to quantum mechanics, statements about the future made by sentient beings like us are, in general, neither true nor false; they must satisfy a many-valued logic. I propose that the truth value of such a statement should be…
This paper provides a novel metametaphysical approach to quantum indeterminacy. More specifically, it argues that bivalent quantum logic can successfully account for this kind of indeterminacy, given the non-truth-functional character of…
Doubts are raised concerning the usual interpretation of the alleged failure, by quantum mechanics, of the distributive law of classical logic. The difficulty raised by incompatible sets of observables is overcome within an epistemic…
Classically, two propositions are logically equivalent precisely when they are true under the same logical valuations. Also, two logical valuations are distinct if, and only if, there is a formula that is true according to one valuation,…
The article demonstrates that logic is not necessarily singleton and does not always have the standard interpretation of negation. Appropriate generalizations of logic are suggested. Positive logic and multivalued negation operations are…
Deep learning models are widely used for various industrial and scientific applications. Even though these models have achieved considerable success in recent years, there exists a lack of understanding of the rationale behind decisions…
The problem is posed of establishing a possible relationship between a new type of Multi-verse representation, G\"odel undecidability theorems and the logic of classical, quantum mechanics and quantum gravity. For this purpose example cases…
The best mathematical arguments against a realistic interpretation of quantum mechanics - that gives definite but partially unknown values to all observables - are analysed and shown to be based on reasoning that is not compelling. This…
In the paper, a value assignment for projection operators relating to a quantum system is equated with assignment of truth-values to the propositions associated with these operators. In consequence, the Kochen-Specker theorem (its localized…
As it is known, neither classical logical conjunction "and" nor classical logical alternative "either...or" can replace "+" representing a linear superposition of two quantum states. Therefore, to provide a logical account of the quantum…
The multiple-valued quantum logic is formulated systematically such that the truth values are represented naturally as unique roots of unity placed on the unit circle. Consequently, multi-valued quantum neuron (MVQN) is based on the…
This paper gives a formulation of quantum logic in the abstract algebraic setting laid out by Dunn and Hardegree (2001). On this basis, it provides a comparative analysis of viable quantum logical bivalent semantics and their classical…
Quantum mechanical weak values of projection operators have been used to answer which-way questions, e.g. to trace which arms in a multiple Mach-Zehnder setup a particle may have traversed from a given initial to a prescribed final state. I…
Real-valued logics underlie an increasing number of neuro-symbolic approaches, though typically their logical inference capabilities are characterized only qualitatively. We provide foundations for establishing the correctness and power of…
Quantum mechanics is a fundamentally probabilistic theory (at least so far as the empirical predictions are concerned). It follows that, if one wants to properly understand quantum mechanics, it is essential to clearly understand the…
This article is a brief introduction to quantum algorithms for the eigenvalue problem in quantum many-body systems. Rather than a broad survey of topics, we focus on providing a conceptual understanding of several quantum algorithms that…
The four-valued semantics of Belnap--Dunn logic, consisting of the truth values True, False, Neither, and Both, gives rise to several non-classical logics depending on which feature of propositions we wish to preserve: truth, non-falsity,…