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This article introduces the notion of a loose family of Engel structures and shows that two such families are Engel homotopic if and only if they are formally homotopic. This implies a complete h-principle when some auxiliary data is fixed.…

Symplectic Geometry · Mathematics 2021-07-06 Roger Casals , Álvaro del Pino , Francisco Presas

For any Engel 4-fold, we show that the scanning map from the space of Engel knots to the space of formal Engel knots is a weak homotopy equivalence when restricted to the complement of the orbits of the Engel kernel. This is a relative,…

Geometric Topology · Mathematics 2017-10-31 Roger Casals , Álvaro del Pino

We apply spectral sequences to derive both an obstruction to the existence of $n$-fold prolongations and a topological classification. Prolongations have been used in the literature in an attempt to prove that every Engel structure on…

Symplectic Geometry · Mathematics 2012-09-06 Mirko Klukas , Bijan Sahamie

We study the geometry of Engel structures, which are 2-plane fields on 4-manifolds satisfying a generic condition, that are compatible with other geometric structures. A complex Engel structure is an Engel 2-plane field on a complex surface…

Differential Geometry · Mathematics 2018-05-22 Zhiyong Zhao

In early study of Engel manifolds from R. Montgomery, the Cartan prolongation and the development map are central figures. However, the development map can be globally defined only if the characteristic foliation is "nice". In this paper,…

Symplectic Geometry · Mathematics 2021-06-15 Koji Yamazaki

In this article we prove that the inclusion of the space of Engel structures of a smooth $4$-fold into the space of full flags of its tangent bundle induces surjections in all homotopy groups. In particular, we construct Engel structures…

Symplectic Geometry · Mathematics 2015-07-23 Roger Casals , Jose Luis Pérez , Álvaro del Pino , Francisco Presas

Recently there has been renewed interest among differential geometers in the theory of Engel structures. We introduce holomorphic analogues of these structures, and pose the problem of classifying projective manifolds admitting them.…

Algebraic Geometry · Mathematics 2014-07-23 Francisco Presas , Luis Eduardo Sola Conde

We introduce a modification procedure for Engel structures that is reminiscent of the Lutz twist in 3-dimensional Contact Topology. This notion allows us to define what an Engel overtwisted disc is, and to prove a complete h-principle for…

Symplectic Geometry · Mathematics 2021-01-06 Álvaro del Pino , Thomas Vogel

We establish a parametric extension $h$-principle for overtwisted contact structures on manifolds of all dimensions, which is the direct generalization of the $3$-dimensional result from \cite{Eli89}. It implies, in particular, that any…

Symplectic Geometry · Mathematics 2014-10-14 Matthew Strom Borman , Yakov Eliashberg , Emmy Murphy

In this article we introduce a higher dimensional analogue of Engel structure, motivated by the Cartan prolongation of contact manifolds. We study the stability of such structure, generalizing the Gray-type stability for Engel manifolds.

Differential Geometry · Mathematics 2021-08-17 Aritra Bhowmick

We study the problem of extending a complex structure to a given Lie algebra g, which is firstly defined on an ideal h of g. We consider the next situations: h is either complex or it is totally real. The next question is to equip g with an…

Differential Geometry · Mathematics 2014-06-17 Rutwig Campoamor Stursberg , Isolda E. Cardoso , Gabriela P. Ovando

We study the geometry of Engel structures, which are 2-plane fields on 4-manifolds satisfying a generic condition, that are compatible with other geometric structures. A \em{Lagrangian} Engel structure is an Engel 2-plane field on a…

Differential Geometry · Mathematics 2018-05-24 Zhiyong Zhao

An Engel structure is a maximally non-integrable field of two-planes tangent to a four-manifold. Any two such structures are locally diffeomorphic. We investigate the space of global deformations of canonical Engel structures arising out of…

dg-ga · Mathematics 2008-02-03 Richard Montgomery

Using the theory of extensions of L-infinity algebras, we construct rational homotopy models for classifying spaces of fibrations, giving answers in terms of classical homological functors, namely the Chevalley-Eilenberg and Harrison…

Algebraic Topology · Mathematics 2013-12-13 Andrey Lazarev

We call two Engel structures isotopic if they are homotopic through Engel structures by a homotopy that fixes the characteristic line field. In the present paper we define an isotopy invariant of Engel structures on oriented circle bundles…

Symplectic Geometry · Mathematics 2012-09-07 Mirko Klukas , Bijan Sahamie

In the seminal monograph "Theory of retracts", Borsuk raised the following question: suppose two compact ANR's are $h$--equal, i.e. mutually homotopy dominate each other, are they homotopy equivalent? The current paper approaches this…

Algebraic Topology · Mathematics 2018-04-19 R. Komendarczyk , S. Kwasik , W. Rosicki

We give homotopy invariant definitions corresponding to three well known properties of complete intersections, for the ring, the module theory and the endomorphisms of the residue field, and we investigate them for the mod p cochains on a…

Algebraic Topology · Mathematics 2014-10-01 D. J. Benson , J. P. C. Greenlees , S. Shamir

A canonical result in model theory is the homomorphism preservation theorem (h.p.t.) which states that a first-order formula is preserved under homomorphisms iff it is equivalent to an existential-positive formula, standardly proved via a…

Logic · Mathematics 2026-01-14 James Carr

We make a study of ll-extensions of model category structures. We prove an existence result of ll-extensions, present some specific and some rather formal results about them and give an application of the existence result to the homotopy…

Category Theory · Mathematics 2013-03-07 Alexandru E. Stanculescu

In this text we expose basic cases of some fundamental ideas and methods of topology. Namely, of homotopy, degree, fundamental group, covering, Whitehead invariant, etc. This is done by considering the elementary example: closed polygonal…

History and Overview · Mathematics 2026-05-07 E. Alkin , O. Nikitenko , A. Skopenkov
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