English
Related papers

Related papers: Cost and Actual Causation

200 papers

Emergence and causality are two fundamental concepts for understanding complex systems. They are interconnected. On one hand, emergence refers to the phenomenon where macroscopic properties cannot be solely attributed to the cause of…

Physics and Society · Physics 2024-02-27 Bing Yuan , Zhang Jiang , Aobo Lyu , Jiayun Wu , Zhipeng Wang , Mingzhe Yang , Kaiwei Liu , Muyun Mou , Peng Cui

Causality has been the issue of philosophic debate since Hippocrates. It is used in formal verification and testing, e.g., to explain counterexamples or construct fault trees. Recent work defines actual causation in terms of Pearl's…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2019-11-01 Robert Künnemann , Deepak Garg , Michael Backes

Using a process-theoretic formalism, we introduce the notion of a causal-inferential theory: a triple consisting of a theory of causal influences, a theory of inferences (of both the Boolean and Bayesian varieties), and a specification of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-05-21 David Schmid , John H. Selby , Robert W. Spekkens

Temporal causality defines what property causes some observed temporal behavior (the effect) in a given computation, based on a counterfactual analysis of similar computations. In this paper, we study its closure properties and the…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2025-05-16 Mishel Carelli , Bernd Finkbeiner , Julian Siber

Judea Pearl was the first to propose a definition of actual causation using causal models. A number of authors have suggested that an adequate account of actual causation must appeal not only to causal structure, but also to considerations…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2013-09-06 Joseph Y. Halpern , Christopher Hitchcock

Recently, Batusov and Soutchanski proposed a notion of actual achievement cause in the situation calculus, amongst others, they can determine the cause of quantified effects in a given action history. While intuitively appealing, this…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-13 Daxin Liu , Vaishak Belle

Causal abstraction provides a theory describing how several causal models can represent the same system at different levels of detail. Existing theoretical proposals limit the analysis of abstract models to "hard" interventions fixing…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2022-11-23 Riccardo Massidda , Atticus Geiger , Thomas Icard , Davide Bacciu

Probabilities of causation provide explanatory information on the observed occurrence (causal necessity) and non-occurrence (causal sufficiency) of events. Here, we adapt these probabilities (probability of necessity, probability of…

Quantitative Methods · Quantitative Biology 2025-04-28 Bronner P. Gonçalves

We survey the different properties of an intuitive notion of redundancy, as a function of the precise semantics given to the notion of partial implication. The final version of this survey will appear in the Proceedings of the Int. Conf.…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2015-04-15 José L. Balcázar

The CREST 2018 workshop is the third in a series of workshops addressing formal approaches to reasoning about causation in systems engineering. The topic of formally identifying the cause(s) of specific events - usually some form of…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2019-01-03 Bernd Finkbeiner , Samantha Kleinberg

In recent years the search for a proper formal definition of actual causation -- i.e., the relation of cause-effect as it is instantiated in specific observations, rather than general causal relations -- has taken on impressive proportions.…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2015-03-04 Sander Beckers , Joost Vennekens

Much of our experiments are designed to uncover the cause(s) and effect(s) behind a data generating mechanism (i.e., phenomenon) we happen to be interested in. Uncovering such relationships allows us to identify the true working of a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-07-11 M. Z. Naser

Causation has been the issue of philosophic debate since Hippocrates. Recent work defines actual causation in terms of Pearl/Halpern's causality framework, formalizing necessary causes (IJCAI'15). This has inspired causality notions in the…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2017-10-26 Robert Künnemann

The aim of this paper is to offer the first systematic exploration and definition of equivalent causal models in the context where both models are not made up of the same variables. The idea is that two models are equivalent when they agree…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2020-12-11 Sander Beckers

To act safely and ethically in the real world, agents must be able to reason about harm and avoid harmful actions. However, to date there is no statistical method for measuring harm and factoring it into algorithmic decisions. In this paper…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2022-11-03 Jonathan G. Richens , Rory Beard , Daniel H. Thompson

In time-to-event settings, the presence of competing events complicates the definition of causal effects. Here we propose the new separable effects to study the causal effect of a treatment on an event of interest. The separable direct…

Causal inference is a central goal across many scientific disciplines. Over the past several decades, three major frameworks have emerged to formalize causal questions and guide their analysis: the potential outcomes framework, structural…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2026-02-12 Linbo Wang , Thomas Richardson , James Robins

Reinforcement learning (RL) algorithms often struggle to learn policies that generalize to novel situations due to issues such as causal confusion, overfitting to irrelevant factors, and failure to isolate control of state factors. These…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-04-18 Caleb Chuck , Sankaran Vaidyanathan , Stephen Giguere , Amy Zhang , David Jensen , Scott Niekum

This paper analyzes the notion of causality in a conceptual model, mainly as applied in software engineering. Conceptual system modeling can be considered a three-level process that begins with building a static structural description to…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2020-05-07 Sabah Al-Fedaghi

Actual causality is increasingly well understood. Recent formal approaches, proposed by Halpern and Pearl, have made this concept mature enough to be amenable to automated reasoning. Actual causality is especially vital for building…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2020-10-16 Amjad Ibrahim , Alexander Pretschner