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The aim of this paper is to study categorified algebraic structures and their pseudo- and lax homomorphisms using the framework of Lawvere $2$-theories, and more generally, (enhanced) $2$-dimensional sketches. The key notion we focus on is…

Category Theory · Mathematics 2026-02-17 Tomáš Perutka

We analyze the Dual Ramsey Theorem for $k$ partitions and $\ell$ colors ($\mathsf{DRT}^k_\ell$) in the context of reverse math, effective analysis, and strong reductions. Over $\mathsf{RCA}_0$, the Dual Ramsey Theorem stated for Baire…

Logic · Mathematics 2021-05-21 Damir Dzhafarov , Stephen Flood , Reed Solomon , Linda Brown Westrick

Differential calculus on discrete sets is developed in the spirit of noncommutative geometry. Any differential algebra on a discrete set can be regarded as a `reduction' of the `universal differential algebra' and this allows a systematic…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2009-10-28 A. Dimakis , F. Müller-Hoissen

The notion of a firmly nonexpansive mapping is central in fixed point theory because of attractive convergence properties for iterates and the correspondence with maximal monotone operators due to Minty. In this paper, we systematically…

Functional Analysis · Mathematics 2011-01-26 Heinz H. Bauschke , Sarah M. Moffat , Xianfu Wang

The theory of rough sets is concerned with the lower and upper approximations of objects through a binary relation on a universe. It has been applied to machine learning, knowledge discovery and data mining. The theory of matroids is a…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2012-11-30 Yanfang Liu , William Zhu

We prove an infinite Ramsey theorem for noncommutative graphs realized as unital self-adjoint subspaces of linear operators acting on an infinite dimensional Hilbert space. Specifically, we prove that if V is such a subspace, then provided…

Operator Algebras · Mathematics 2017-11-28 Matthew Kennedy , Taras Kolomatski , Daniel Spivak

The metric Ramsey problem asks for the largest subset $S$ of a metric space that can be embedded into an ultrametric (more generally into a Hilbert space) with a given distortion. Study of this problem was motivated as a non-linear version…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2017-07-28 Ittai Abraham , Shiri Chechik , Michael Elkin , Arnold Filtser , Ofer Neiman

In this paper we provide purely categorical proofs of two important results of structural Ramsey theory: the result of M.\ Soki\'c that the free product of Ramsey classes is a Ramsey class and the result of M.\ Bodirsky, M.\Pinsker and T.\…

Category Theory · Mathematics 2023-01-18 Dragan Mašulović

We introduce and study a variant of Ramsey numbers for edge-ordered graphs, that is, graphs with linearly ordered sets of edges. The edge-ordered Ramsey number $\overline{R}_e(\mathfrak{G})$ of an edge-ordered graph $\mathfrak{G}$ is the…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2021-04-16 Martin Balko , Máté Vizer

We consider a category of all finite partial orderings with quotient maps as arrows and construct a Fra\"iss\'e sequence in this category. Then we use commonly known relations between partial orders and lattices to construct a sequence of…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2022-01-26 Szymon Głcab , Michał Pawlikowski

We study countable embedding-universal and homomorphism-universal structures and unify results related to both of these notions. We show that many universal and ultrahomogeneous structures allow a concise description (called here a finite…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2010-09-06 Jan Hubicka

The recently introduced model of representations has been defined and motivated somewhat ex-nihilo. In this document, I will show that representations are related to a more ''classical'' model through a 2-adjunction. The target model is…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2026-04-21 Paul Brunet

In this article we compare the well-known Ramsey property with a dual form of it, the so called dual-Ramsey property (which was suggested first by Carlson and Simpson). Even if the two properties are different, it can be shown that all…

Logic · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Lorenz Halbeisen

In this paper we introduce new notions of local extremality for finite and infinite systems of closed sets and establish the corresponding extremal principles for them called here rated extremal principles. These developments are in the…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2011-02-28 Boris S. Mordukhovich , Hung M. Phan

It was shown in \cite{sc12} that for a certain class of structures $\I$, $\I$-indexed indiscernible sets have the modeling property just in case the age of $\I$ is a Ramsey class. We expand this known class of structures from ordered…

Logic · Mathematics 2016-02-10 Lynn Scow

In this paper we show that a countable structure admitting a finite monomorphic decomposition has finite big Ramsey degrees if and only if so does every monomorphic part in its minimal monomorphic decomposition. The necessary prerequisite…

Logic · Mathematics 2026-05-21 Dragan Mašulović , Veljko Toljić

Automatic structures are infinite structures that are finitely represented by synchronized finite-state automata. This paper concerns specifically automatic structures over finite words and trees (ranked/unranked). We investigate the…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2023-02-14 Pascal Bergsträßer , Moses Ganardi , Anthony W. Lin , Georg Zetzsche

We give a parametrization with perfect subsets of $2^{\infty}$ of the abstract Ramsey theorem (see \cite{todo}) Our main tool is an extension of the parametrized version of the combinatorial forcing developed in \cite{nash} and \cite{todo},…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2014-10-20 Jose G. Mijares , Jesus Nieto

The Kripke semantics of various logics arises via categorical dualities between a category of relational frames and their maps, and a category of algebras and logical homomorphisms. When the relational frames are considered as computational…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2026-05-08 Piotr Kozicki , Alex Kavvos

We discuss applications of exact structures and relative homological algebra to the study of invariants of multiparameter persistence modules. This paper is mostly expository, but does contain a pair of novel results. Over finite posets,…

Algebraic Topology · Mathematics 2025-01-07 Benjamin Blanchette , Thomas Brüstle , Eric J. Hanson