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This article is part-I of a review of density-functional theory (DFT) that is the most widely used method for calculating electronic structure of materials. The accuracy and ease of numerical implementation of DFT methods has resulted in…

Materials Science · Physics 2023-05-25 Prashant Singh , Manoj K Harbola

Defects in crystalline silicon consisting of a silicon self-interstitial atom and one, two, three, or four hydrogen atoms are studied within density-functional theory (DFT). We search for low-energy defects by starting from an ensemble of…

Materials Science · Physics 2010-02-11 Andrew J. Morris , Chris J. Pickard , R. J. Needs

The density functional theory (DFT) is the most versatile electronic structure method used in quantum chemical calculations, and is increasingly applied in astrochemical research. This mini-review provides an overview of the applications of…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2023-10-24 Qingli Liao , Junzhi Wang , Peng Xie , Enwei Liang , Zhao Wang

For reliable and efficient inclusion of electron-electron correlation effects in nanosystems we propose a combined density-functional-theory/nonhomogeneous dynamical-mean-field-theory (DFT + DMFT) approach which employs an approximate…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2013-11-14 Alamgir Kabir , Volodymyr Turkowski , Talat S. Rahman

The commutator direct inversion of the iterative subspace (commutator DIIS or C-DIIS) method developed by Pulay is an efficient and the most widely used scheme in quantum chemistry to accelerate the convergence of self consistent field…

Computational Physics · Physics 2017-08-23 Wei Hu , Lin Lin , Chao Yang

Heterogeneous interfaces are central to many energy-related applications in the nanoscale. From the first-principles electronic structure perspective, one of the outstanding problems is accurately and efficiently calculating how the…

Materials Science · Physics 2023-08-29 Zhen-Fei Liu

Accurate prediction of shallow-donor electron binding energies is critical for device modeling, dopant activation, and donor-based quantum technologies. Traditional beyond-DFT approaches (e.g., hybrid functionals, GW) are prohibitively…

Materials Science · Physics 2025-10-30 Joshua Claes , Bart Partoens , Dirk Lamoen , Marcelo Marques , Lara K. Teles

Density functional theory (DFT) can run into serious difficulties with localized states in elements such as transition metals with occupied-d states and oxygen. In contrast, Hartree-Fock (HF) method can be a better approach for such…

Materials Science · Physics 2018-08-01 Hengxin Tan , Yuanchang Li , S. B. Zhang , Wenhui Duan

This study presents a refined approach to computing the electronic structure of indium antimonide (InSb) using advanced \textit{ab initio} techniques with the In and Sb $4d^{10}$ semicore electrons included in the valence states. These…

Materials Science · Physics 2025-08-04 Ritwik Das , Anne-Sophie Grimault-Jacquin , Frédéric Aniel

We present a systematic Density Functional Theory (DFT) study of geometries and energies of the nucleic acid DNA bases (guanine, adenine, cytosine and thymine) and 30 different DNA base-pairs. We use a recently developed linear-scaling DFT…

Chemical Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Maider Machado , Pablo Ordejon , Emilio Artacho , Daniel Sanchez-Portal , Jose M. Soler

Density functional theory (DFT) offers a desirable balance between quantitative accuracy and computational efficiency in practical many-electron calculations. Its central component, the exchange-correlation energy functional, has been…

Quantum--Mechanical methods that are both computationally fast and accurate are not yet available for electronic excitations having charge transfer character. In this work, we present a significant step forward towards this goal for those…

Chemical Physics · Physics 2015-06-12 Michele Pavanello , Troy Van Voorhis , Lucas Visscher , Johannes Neugebauer

Extending density functional theory (DFT) to an {\it ab initio} orbital functional theory (OFT) requires new methodology for nonlocal exchange and correlation potentials. This paper describes such modifications to a standard Dirac-Slater…

Condensed Matter · Physics 2007-05-23 R. K. Nesbet

In this paper, we introduce an efficient, linear algebra-based method for optimizing supercell selection to determine Heisenberg exchange parameters from DFT calculations. A widely used approach for deriving these parameters involves…

Materials Science · Physics 2025-04-24 Mojtaba Alaei , Artem R. Oganov

Density functional approximations (DFAs) suffer from delocalization error, which limits their accuracy in predicting electron affinities (EAs), ionization potentials (IPs), and quasiparticle energies. In this work, we present a theoretical…

Chemical Physics · Physics 2026-04-07 Zipeng An , Xiaolong Yang , Xiao Zheng , Weitao Yang

A new method for implementing the kinetic energy operator for real-space, grid-based electronic structure codes is developed. It is based on multi-order Adaptive Finite Differencing (AFD) and uses atomic pseudo orbitals produced by the…

Computational Physics · Physics 2023-05-23 E. L. Briggs , Wenchang Lu , J. Bernholc

Multi-configurational wave-function theory (MC-WFT) that combines complete active space self-consistent field (CASSCF) approach with subsequent state interaction (SI) treatment of spin-orbit coupling (SOC), abbreviated as CASSCF-SO, plays…

Chemical Physics · Physics 2025-03-11 Zhe-Bin Guan , Hong Jiang

Accurate large-scale Kohn-Sham density functional theory (DFT) calculations are essential for modeling complex material systems, including interfaces, defects, nanoclusters, and twisted two-dimensional heterostructures. Achieving chemical…

Computational Physics · Physics 2026-04-30 Kartick Ramakrishnan , Phani Motamarri

Density functional methods have been applied to calculate the quadrupole splitting of a series of iron(II) spin crossover complexes. Experimental and calculated values are in reasonable agreement. In one case spin-orbit coupling is…

Unlike covalent two-dimensional (2D) materials like graphene, 2D metals have non-layered structures due to their non-directional, metallic bonding. While experiments on 2D metals are still scarce and challenging, density-functional theory…

Materials Science · Physics 2023-01-06 Kameyab Raza Abidi , Pekka Koskinen