English
Related papers

Related papers: Sensitivity Analysis for Unmeasured Confounding in…

200 papers

Causal inference necessarily relies upon untestable assumptions; hence, it is crucial to assess the robustness of obtained results to violations of identification assumptions. However, such sensitivity analysis is only occasionally…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-05-19 Tobias Freidling , Qingyuan Zhao

Detecting and measuring confounding effects from data is a key challenge in causal inference. Existing methods frequently assume causal sufficiency, disregarding the presence of unobserved confounding variables. Causal sufficiency is both…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-09-27 Abbavaram Gowtham Reddy , Vineeth N Balasubramanian

The identification of causal effects in observational studies typically relies on two standard assumptions: unconfoundedness and overlap. However, both assumptions are often questionable in practice: unconfoundedness is inherently…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-09-17 Han Cui , Xinran Li

It is a truth universally acknowledged that an observed association without known mechanism must be in want of a causal estimate. However, causal estimation from observational data often relies on the (untestable) assumption of `no…

Methodology · Statistics 2020-12-10 Victor Veitch , Anisha Zaveri

We present a method to analyze sensitivity of frequentist inferences to potential nonignorability of the missingness mechanism. Rather than starting from the selection model, as is typical in such analyses, we assume that the missingness…

Methodology · Statistics 2023-02-09 Heng Chen , Daniel F. Heitjan

When drawing causal inference from observational data, there is always concern about unmeasured confounding. One way to tackle this is to conduct a sensitivity analysis. One widely-used sensitivity analysis framework hypothesizes the…

Methodology · Statistics 2022-06-22 Bo Zhang , Eric J. Tchetgen Tchetgen

The strength of evidence provided by epidemiological and observational studies is inherently limited by the potential for unmeasured confounding. Researchers should present a quantified sensitivity to unmeasured confounding analysis that is…

Methodology · Statistics 2020-11-16 Lucy D'Agostino McGowan , Robert A. Greevy,

Consider sensitivity analysis for estimating average treatment effects under unmeasured confounding, assumed to satisfy a marginal sensitivity model. At the population level, we provide new representations for the sharp population bounds…

Methodology · Statistics 2022-09-26 Zhiqiang Tan

In this paper, we consider the extent of the biases that may arise when an unmeasured confounder is omitted from a structural equation model (SEM) and we propose sensitivity analysis techniques to correct for such biases. We give an…

Methodology · Statistics 2021-03-11 Adam J. Sullivan , Tyler J. VanderWeele

Unmeasured confounding, selection bias, and measurement error are well-known sources of bias in epidemiologic research. Methods for assessing these biases have their own limitations. Many quantitative sensitivity analysis approaches…

Methodology · Statistics 2021-08-11 Louisa H. Smith , Maya B. Mathur , Tyler J. VanderWeele

Survey weighting allows researchers to account for bias in survey samples, due to unit nonresponse or convenience sampling, using measured demographic covariates. Unfortunately, in practice, it is impossible to know whether the estimated…

Methodology · Statistics 2023-03-07 Erin Hartman , Melody Huang

In the era of fast-paced precision medicine, observational studies play a major role in properly evaluating new treatments in clinical practice. Yet, unobserved confounding can significantly compromise causal conclusions drawn from…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2026-03-20 Piersilvio De Bartolomeis , Javier Abad , Konstantin Donhauser , Fanny Yang

Inferring causal effects of continuous-valued treatments from observational data is a crucial task promising to better inform policy- and decision-makers. A critical assumption needed to identify these effects is that all confounding…

Recently, interest has grown in the use of proxy variables of unobserved confounding for inferring the causal effect in the presence of unmeasured confounders from observational data. One difficulty inhibiting the practical use is finding…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-05-28 Feng Xie , Zhengming Chen , Shanshan Luo , Wang Miao , Ruichu Cai , Zhi Geng

Establishing cause-effect relationships from observational data often relies on untestable assumptions. It is crucial to know whether, and to what extent, the conclusions drawn from non-experimental studies are robust to potential…

Unmeasured confounding is a major challenge for identifying causal relationships from non-experimental data. Here, we propose a method that can accommodate unmeasured discrete confounding. Extending recent identifiability results in deep…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-08-13 Patrick Burauel , Frederick Eberhardt , Michel Besserve

Causal graphs may inform covariate adjustment for estimating causal effects and improve estimation efficiency by exploiting the graphical structure. In many applications, however, the target causal parameter may not be point-identified due…

Random-effects models are frequently used to synthesise information from different studies in meta-analysis. While likelihood-based inference is attractive both in terms of limiting properties and of implementation, its application in…

Methodology · Statistics 2018-02-16 Ioannis Kosmidis , Annamaria Guolo , Cristiano Varin

Observational studies provide invaluable opportunities to draw causal inference, but they may suffer from biases due to pretreatment difference between treated and control units. Matching is a popular approach to reduce observed covariate…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-09-17 Xinran Li

Meta-analysis is a powerful tool to synthesize findings from multiple studies. The normal-normal random-effects model is widely used to account for between-study heterogeneity. However, meta-analysis of sparse data, which may arise when the…

Methodology · Statistics 2024-06-10 Taojun Hu , Yi Zhou , Satoshi Hattori