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Runtime assurance (RTA) addresses the problem of keeping an autonomous system safe while using an untrusted (or experimental) controller. This can be done via logic that explicitly switches between the untrusted controller and a safety…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2023-06-08 Kristina Miller , Christopher K. Zeitler , William Shen , Mahesh Viswanathan , Sayan Mitra

Recent IoT applications gradually adapt more complicated end systems with commodity software. Ensuring the runtime integrity of these software is a challenging task for the remote controller or cloud services. Popular enforcement is the…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-12-14 Yumei Zhang , Xinzhi Liu , Cong Sun , Dongrui Zeng , Gang Tan , Xiao Kan , Siqi Ma

Security and RAS are two non-functional requirements under focus for current systems developed for the computing continuum. Due to the increased number of interconnected computer systems across the continuum, security becomes especially…

Lower-end IoT devices typically have strict cost constraints that rule out usual security mechanisms available in general-purpose computers or higher-end devices. To secure low-end devices, various low-cost security architectures have been…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-01-12 Ivan De Oliveira Nunes , Sashidhar Jakkamsetti , Norrathep Rattanavipanon , Gene Tsudik

Remote run-time attestation methods, including Control Flow Attestation (CFA) and Data Flow Attestation (DFA), have been proposed to generate precise evidence of execution's control flow path (in CFA) and optionally execution data inputs…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-07-08 Adam Caulfield , Norrathep Rattanavipanon , Ivan De Oliveira Nunes

The Internet of Things (IoT) has rapidly expanded across various sectors, with consumer IoT devices - such as smart thermostats and security cameras - experiencing growth. Although these devices improve efficiency and promise additional…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-04-11 Pascal Schöttle , Matthias Janetschek , Florian Merkle , Martin Nocker , Christoph Egger

A major security challenge for modern Internet of Things (IoT) deployments is to ensure that the devices run legitimate firmware free from malware. This challenge can be addressed through a security primitive called attestation which allows…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-01-31 Stefan Hristozov , Moritz Wettermann , Manuel Huber

Remote attestation (RA) authenticates code running in trusted execution environments (TEEs), allowing trusted code to be deployed even on untrusted hosts. However, trust relationships established by one component in a distributed…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-02-02 Haofan Zheng , Owen Arden

IoT devices fundamentally lack built-in security mechanisms to protect themselves from security attacks. Existing works on improving IoT security mostly focus on detecting anomalous behaviors of IoT devices. However, these existing anomaly…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-04-23 Md Mainuddin , Zhenhai Duan , Yingfei Dong

Incorporating rate splitting multiple access (RSMA) into integrated sensing and communication (ISAC) presents a significant security challenge, particularly in scenarios where the location of a potential eavesdropper (Eve) is unidentified.…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-07-23 A. Abdelaziz Salem , Saeed Abdallah , Mohamed Saad , Khawla Alnajjar , Mahmoud A. Albreem

In distributed systems, trust decisions are made on the basis of integrity evidence generated via remote attestation. Examples of the kinds of evidence that might be collected are boot time image hash values; fingerprints of initialization…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-02-02 Ian D. Kretz , Clare C. Parran , John D. Ramsdell , Paul D. Rowe

Automatic speech recognition systems often produce confident yet incorrect transcriptions under noisy or ambiguous conditions, which can be misleading for both users and downstream applications. Standard evaluation based on Word Error Rate…

Sound · Computer Science 2026-04-29 Wenbin Huang , Yuhang Qiu , Bohan Li , Yiwei Guo , Jing Peng , Hankun Wang , Xie Chen , Kai Yu

Network-based attacks on control systems may alter sensor data delivered to the controller, effectively causing degradation in control performance. As a result, having access to accurate state estimates, even in the presence of attacks on…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-05-19 Amir Khazraei , Miroslav Pajic

Security resources are scarce, and practitioners need guidance in the effective and efficient usage of techniques and tools available in the cybersecurity industry. Two emerging tool types, Interactive Application Security Testing (IAST)…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-01-01 Aishwarya Seth , Saikath Bhattacharya , Sarah Elder , Nusrat Zahan , Laurie Williams

As many types of IoT devices worm their way into numerous settings and many aspects of our daily lives, awareness of their presence and functionality becomes a source of major concern. Hidden IoT devices can snoop (via sensing) on nearby…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-09-11 Sashidhar Jakkamsetti , Youngil Kim , Gene Tsudik

To help improve the safety and accessibility of indoor spaces, researchers and health professionals have created assessment instruments that enable homeowners and trained experts to audit and improve homes. With advances in computer vision,…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2022-10-07 Xia Su , Kaiming Cheng , Han Zhang , Jaewook Lee , Jon E. Froehlich

Grant-free random access (RA) with massive MIMO is a promising RA technique with low signaling overhead that provides significant benefits in increasing the channel reuse efficiency. Since user equipment (UE) detection and channel…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2018-09-21 Hao Jiang , Daiming Qu , Jie Ding , Tao Jiang

With increasingly sophisticated cyber-adversaries able to access a wider repertoire of mechanisms to implant malware such as ransomware, CPU/GPU keyloggers, and stealthy kernel rootkits, there is an urgent need for techniques to detect and…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-01-23 Farshad Khorrami , Ramesh Karri , Prashanth Krishnamurthy

One rapidly growing application of Internet of Things (IoT) is the protection of public health and well-being through enabling environmental monitoring services. In particular, an IoT-enabled health/accessibility monitoring service (HAMS)…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2018-11-20 Behshid Shayesteh , Vesal Hakami , Ahmad Akbari

We propose PowerAlert, an efficient external integrity checker for untrusted hosts. Current attestation systems suffer from shortcomings in requiring complete checksum of the code segment, being static, use of timing information sourced…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2017-02-13 Ahmed M. Fawaz , Mohammad Noureddine , William H. Sanders