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Deployment and operation of autonomous underwater vehicles is expensive and time-consuming. High-quality realistic sonar data simulation could be of benefit to multiple applications, including training of human operators for post-mission…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-04-23 Marija Jegorova , Antti Ilari Karjalainen , Jose Vazquez , Timothy Hospedales

Underwater robots typically rely on acoustic sensors like sonar to perceive their surroundings. However, these sensors are often inundated with multiple sources and types of noise, which makes using raw data for any meaningful inference…

Robotics · Computer Science 2023-07-11 Tianxiang Lin , Akshay Hinduja , Mohamad Qadri , Michael Kaess

Submarine cables play a critical role in global internet connectivity, energy transmission, and communication but remain vulnerable to accidental damage and sabotage. Recent incidents in the Baltic Sea highlighted the need for enhanced…

Navigation and trajectorial estimation of maritime vessels are contingent upon the context of positional accuracy. Even the smallest deviations in the estimation of a given vessel may result in detrimental consequences in terms of economic…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-04-09 Atilla Alpay Nalcaci , Fidan Mehmeti , Wolfgang Kellerer , Florian Schiegg

Change detection from satellite images typically incurs a delay ranging from several hours up to days because of latency in downlinking the acquired images and generating orthorectified image products at the ground stations; this may…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-07-22 Gabriele Inzerillo , Diego Valsesia , Aniello Fiengo , Enrico Magli

In the area of near-field millimeter-wave imaging, the generalized sparse array synthesis (SAS) method is in great demand. The traditional methods usually employ the greedy algorithms, which may have the convergence problem. This paper…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-08-10 Shuoguang Wang , Shiyong Li , Ahmad Hoorfar , Ke Miao , Guoqiang Zhao , Houjun Sun

In the recent decade, electronic technology gets advanced day by day the methodologies too should update. For the purpose of ranging various methods such Radio Detection and Ranging (RADAR), Light Detection and Ranging (LIDAR) and Sonic…

Robotics · Computer Science 2021-06-28 Md Ziaul Haque Zim , Nimai Chandra Das

Sonar image synthesis is crucial for advancing applications in underwater exploration, marine biology, and defence. Traditional methods often rely on extensive and costly data collection using sonar sensors, jeopardizing data quality and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-10-14 Purushothaman Natarajan , Kamal Basha , Athira Nambiar

Accurate, self-consistent bathymetric maps are needed to monitor changes in subsea environments and infrastructure. These maps are increasingly collected by underwater vehicles, and mapping requires an accurate vehicle navigation solution.…

Robotics · Computer Science 2023-06-12 Thomas Hitchcox , James Richard Forbes

The detection of underwater targets is severely affected by the non-uniform spatial characteristics of marine environmental noise. Additionally, the presence of both natural and anthropogenic acoustic sources, including shipping traffic,…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-12-15 Siyuan Cang , Cong Liu , Xueli Sheng , Xiaoming Cui , Chao Li , Changxin Fa , Jiantong Chen , Chaoran Yang , Huayong Yang

In the past decade, the adoption of compact 3D range sensors, such as LiDARs, has driven the developments of robust state-estimation pipelines, making them a standard sensor for aerial, ground, and space autonomy. Unfortunately, poor…

In the field of underwater vision research, image matching between the sonar sensors and optical cameras has always been a challenging problem. Due to the difference in the imaging mechanism between them, which are the gray value, texture,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-08-30 Xiaoteng Zhou , Changli Yu , Xin Yuan , Citong Luo

Underwater 3D object detection remains one of the most challenging frontiers in computer vision, where traditional approaches struggle with the harsh acoustic environment and scarcity of training data. While deep learning has revolutionized…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-08-27 M. Salman Shaukat , Yannik Käckenmeister , Sebastian Bader , Thomas Kirste

Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) enables submeter-resolution imaging and all-weather monitoring via active microwave and advanced signal processing. Currently, SAR has found extensive applications in critical maritime domains such as ship…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-06-19 Liangjie Meng , Danxia Li , Jinrong He , Lili Ma , Zhixin Li

We propose a weakly-supervised framework for the semantic segmentation of circular-scan synthetic-aperture-sonar (CSAS) imagery. The first part of our framework is trained in a supervised manner, on image-level labels, to uncover a set of…

Precise relative navigation is a critical enabler for distributed satellites to achieve new mission objectives impossible for a monolithic spacecraft. Carrier phase differential GPS (CDGPS) with integer ambiguity resolution (IAR) is a…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-11-01 Samuel Y W Low , Simone D'Amico

Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) imagery is the primary data type used for sea ice mapping due to its spatio-temporal coverage and the ability to detect sea ice independent of cloud and lighting conditions. Automatic sea ice detection using…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-01-12 Martin S J Rogers , Maria Fox , Andrew Fleming , Louisa van Zeeland , Jeremy Wilkinson , J. Scott Hosking

Synthetic aperture sonar (SAS) image resolution is constrained by waveform bandwidth and array geometry. Specifically, the waveform bandwidth determines a point spread function (PSF) that blurs the locations of point scatterers in the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-12-17 Albert Reed , Thomas Blanford , Daniel C. Brown , Suren Jayasuriya

Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) object detection faces significant challenges from speckle noise, small target ambiguities, and on-board computational constraints. While existing approaches predominantly focus on SAR-specific architectural…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-09-03 Xinyi Yu , Zhiwei Lin , Yongtao Wang

Augmented Reality (AR) surgical navigation systems are emerging as the next generation of intraoperative surgical guidance, promising to overcome limitations of traditional navigation systems. However, known issues with AR depth perception…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-08-19 Marc J. Fischer , Jeffrey Potts , Gabriel Urreola , Dax Jones , Paolo Palmisciano , E. Bradley Strong , Branden Cord , Andrew D. Hernandez , Julia D. Sharma , E. Brandon Strong
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