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This article reviews current efforts and plans for gravitational-wave detection, the gravitational-wave sources that might be detected, and the information that the detectors might extract from the observed waves. Special attention is paid…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2007-05-23 Kip S. Thorne

Future generation of interferometric gravitational wave detectors is hoped to provide accurate measurements of the final stages of binary inspirals. The sources probed by such experiments are of extragalactic origin and the observed chirp…

Astrophysics · Physics 2014-10-13 Marek Biesiada

In recent years cosmology has undergone a revolution, with precise measurements of the microwave background radiation, large galaxy redshift surveys, and the discovery of the recent accelerated expansion of the Universe using observations…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2015-01-19 H. -R. Klöckner , D. Obreschkow , C. Martins , A. Raccanelli , D. Champion , A. Roy , A. Lobanov , J. Wagner , R. Keller

In this paper, we present a new method of measuring Hubble parameter($H(z)$), making use of the anisotropy of luminosity distance($d_{L}$), and the analysis of gravitational wave(GW) of neutron star(NS) binary system. The method has never…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2017-03-24 Liu Yang , Hao-Yi Wan , Tong-Jie Zhang , Tang Yanke

We employ 236 gravitational-wave (GW) sources in the fifth LIGO--Virgo--KAGRA Collaboration (LVK) Gravitational-Wave Transient Catalog (GWTC-5.0) to estimate the Hubble constant $H_0$. We compare the luminosity distance measured from GWs to…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2026-05-27 The LIGO Scientific Collaboration , the Virgo Collaboration , the KAGRA Collaboration

The Laser Interferometer Gravitational Wave Observatory (LIGO) consists of two widely separated 4 km laser interferometers designed to detect gravitational waves from distant astrophysical sources in the frequency range from 10 Hz to 10…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2018-02-13 D. V. Martynov , E. D. Hall , B. P. Abbott , R. Abbott , T. D. Abbott , C. Adams , R. X. Adhikari , R. A. Anderson , S. B. Anderson , K. Arai , M. A. Arain , S. M. Aston , L. Austin , S. W. Ballmer , M. Barbet , D. Barker , B. Barr , L. Barsotti , J. Bartlett , M. A. Barton , I. Bartos , J. C. Batch , A. S. Bell , I. Belopolski , J. Bergman , J. Betzwieser , G. Billingsley , J. Birch , S. Biscans , C. Biwer , E. Black , C. D. Blair , C. Bogan , C. Bond , R. Bork , D. O. Bridges , A. F. Brooks , D. D. Brown , L. Carbone , C. Celerier , G. Ciani , F. Clara , D. Cook , S. T. Countryman , M. J. Cowart , D. C. Coyne , A. Cumming , L. Cunningham , M. Damjanic , R. Dannenberg , K. Danzmann , C. F. Da Silva Costa , E. J. Daw , D. DeBra , R. T. DeRosa , R. DeSalvo , K. L. Dooley , S. Doravari , J. C. Driggers , S. E. Dwyer , A. Effler , T. Etzel , M. Evans , T. M. Evans , M. Factourovich , H. Fair , D. Feldbaum , R. P. Fisher , S. Foley , M. Frede , A. Freise , P. Fritschel , V. V. Frolov , P. Fulda , M. Fyffe , V. Galdi , J. A. Giaime , K. D. Giardina , J. R. Gleason , R. Goetz , S. Gras , C. Gray , R. J. S. Greenhalgh , H. Grote , C. J. Guido , K. E. Gushwa , E. K. Gustafson , R. Gustafson , G. Hammond , J. Hanks , J. Hanson , T. Hardwick , G. M. Harry , K. Haughian , J. Heefner , M. C. Heintze , A. W. Heptonstall , D. Hoak , J. Hough , A. Ivanov , K. Izumi , M. Jacobson , E. James , R. Jones , S. Kandhasamy , S. Karki , M. Kasprzack , S. Kaufer , K. Kawabe , W. Kells , N. Kijbunchoo , E. J. King , P. J. King , D. L. Kinzel , J. S. Kissel , K. Kokeyama , W. Z. Korth , G. Kuehn , P. Kwee , M. Landry , B. Lantz , A. Le Roux , B. M. Levine , J. B. Lewis , V. Lhuillier , N. A. Lockerbie , M. Lormand , M. J. Lubinski , A. P. Lundgren , T. MacDonald , M. MacInnis , D. M. Macleod , M. Mageswaran , K. Mailand , S. M'arka , Z. M'arka , A. S. Markosyan , E. Maros , I. W. Martin , R. M. Martin , J. N. Marx , K. Mason , T. J. Massinger , F. Matichard , N. Mavalvala , R. McCarthy , D. E. McClelland , S. McCormick , G. McIntyre , J. McIver , E. L. Merilh , M. S. Meyer , P. M. Meyers , J. Miller , R. Mittleman , G. Moreno , C. L. Mueller , G. Mueller , A. Mullavey , J. Munch , P. G. Murray , L. K. Nuttall , J. Oberling , J. O'Dell , P. Oppermann , Richard J. Oram , B. O'Reilly , C. Osthelder , D. J. Ottaway , H. Overmier , J. R. Palamos , H. R. Paris , W. Parker , Z. Patrick , A. Pele , S. Penn , M. Phelps , M. Pickenpack , V. Piero , I. Pinto , J. Poeld , M. Principe , L. Prokhorov , O. Puncken , V. Quetschke , E. A. Quintero , F. J. Raab , H. Radkins , P. Raffai , C. R. Ramet , C. M. Reed , S. Reid , D. H. Reitze , N. A. Robertson , J. G. Rollins , V. J. Roma , J. H. Romie , S. Rowan , K. Ryan , T. Sadecki , E. J. Sanchez , V. Sandberg , V. Sannibale , R. L. Savage , R. M. S. Schofield , B. Schultz , P. Schwinberg , D. Sellers , A. Sevigny , D. A. Shaddock , Z. Shao , B. Shapiro , P. Shawhan , D. H. Shoemaker , D. Sigg , B. J. J. Slagmolen , J. R. Smith , M. R. Smith , N. D. Smith-Lefebvre , B. Sorazu , A. Staley , A. J. Stein , A. Stochino , K. A. Strain , R. Taylor , M. Thomas , P. Thomas , K. A. Thorne , E. Thrane , K. V. Tokmakov , C. I. Torrie , G. Traylor , G. Vajente , G. Valdes , A. A. van Veggel , M. Vargas , A. Vecchio , P. J. Veitch , K. Venkateswara , T. Vo , C. Vorvick , S. J. Waldman , M. Walker , R. L. Ward , J. Warner , B. Weaver , R. Weiss , T. Welborn , P. Wessels , C. Wilkinson , P. A. Willems , L. Williams , B. Willke , I. Wilmut , L. Winkelmann , C. C. Wipf , J. Worden , G. Wu , H. Yamamoto , C. C. Yancey , H. Yu , L. Zhang , M. E. Zucker , J. Zweizig

The challenge of understanding the Universe's dynamics, particularly the Hubble tension, requires precise measurements of the Hubble constant. Building upon the existing spectral-siren method, which capitalizes on population information…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2025-01-10 Thomas C. K. Ng , Stefano Rinaldi , Otto A. Hannuksela

The potential association between gravitational waves (GWs) and fast radio bursts (FRBs) offers a unique multi-messenger probe for cosmology. In this paper, we develop a redshift-independent framework to constrain cosmological parameters…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2026-04-06 Jiaming Zhuge , Marios Kalomenopoulos , Carl-Johan Haster , Bing Zhang

Precision cosmology is crucial to understand the different energy components in the Universe and their evolution through cosmic time. Gravitational wave sources are standard sirens that can accurately map out distances in the Universe.…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2022-12-27 Arnab Dhani , Ssohrab Borhanian , Anuradha Gupta , Bangalore Sathyaprakash

The recent discovery of a $\gamma$-ray counterpart to a gravitational wave event has put extremely stringent constraints on the speed of gravitational waves at the present epoch. In turn, these constraints place strong theoretical pressure…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2018-12-14 Luca Amendola , Ignacy Sawicki , Martin Kunz , Ippocratis D. Saltas

The LIGO, Virgo, and KAGRA (LVK) gravitational-wave observatories have opened new scientific research in astrophysics, fundamental physics, and cosmology. The collaborations that build and operate these observatories release the…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2026-01-23 Gregory Ashton

We present the results of directed searches for continuous gravitational waves from unknown neutron stars in five Milky Way globular clusters. We carry out the searches in the LIGO data from the first eight months of the fourth…

The Hubble constant ($H_0$) measures the current expansion rate of the Universe, and plays a fundamental role in cosmology. Tremendous effort has been dedicated over the past decades to measure $H_0$. Notably, Planck cosmic microwave…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2018-07-02 Kenta Hotokezaka , Ehud Nakar , Ore Gottlieb , Samaya Nissanke , Kento Masuda , Gregg Hallinan , Kunal P. Mooley , Adam. T. Deller

Gravitational waves carry unique information about high-energy astrophysical events such as the inspiral and merger of neutron stars and black holes, core collapse in massive stars, and other sources. Large gravitational wave (GW) detectors…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2019-08-13 Peter S. Shawhan

Third generation gravitational wave (GW) detectors are expected to detect millions of binary black hole (BBH) mergers during their operation period. A small fraction of them ($\sim 1\%$) will be strongly lensed by intervening galaxies and…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2023-08-17 Souvik Jana , Shasvath J. Kapadia , Tejaswi Venumadhav , Parameswaran Ajith

Since the initial discovery of gravitational-waves from merging black holes, the LIGO Scientific Collaboration together with Virgo and KAGRA have published 90 gravitational-wave observations of compact binary mergers in the…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2022-09-09 Vera Del Favero

Recent cosmological observations have provided numerous new observations with increasing precision that have led to the era of precision cosmology. The exquisite quality of these observations opens new possibilities towards measuring…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2025-05-14 Brahim Lamine , Yacob Ozdalkiran , Louis Mirouze , Furkan Erdogan , Stéphane Ilic , Isaac Tutusaus , Raphael Kou , Alain Blanchard

Gravitational-wave (GW) astrophysics is a field in full blossom. Since the landmark detection of GWs from a binary black hole on September 14th 2015, several compact-object binaries have been reported by the LIGO-Virgo collaboration. Such…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2022-11-04 Andrea Antonelli

Gravitational Waves (GWs) provide a unique way to explore our Universe. The ongoing ground-based detectors, e.g., LIGO, Virgo, and KAGRA, and the upcoming next-generation detectors, e.g., Cosmic Explorer and Einstein Telescope, as well as…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2024-04-02 Zhenwei Li , Xuefei Chen