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Motivated by recently emerging problems in machine learning and statistics, we propose data models which relax the familiar i.i.d. assumption. In essence, we seek to understand what it means for data to come from a set of probability…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2025-01-08 Christian Fröhlich , Robert C. Williamson

We consider the problem of evaluating certain types of functional aggregation queries on relational data subject to additive inequalities. Such aggregation queries, with a smallish number of additive inequalities, arise naturally/commonly…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2020-05-04 Mahmoud Abo-Khamis , Sungjin Im , Benjamin Moseley , Kirk Pruhs , Alireza Samadian

Language models can learn a range of capabilities from unsupervised training on text corpora. However, to solve a particular problem (such as text summarization) it is typically necessary to fine-tune them on a task-specific dataset. It is…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-03-16 Adam Gleave , Geoffrey Irving

It is well-known that the aggregated time series might have very different properties from those of the individual series, in particular, long memory. At the present time, aggregation has become one of the main tools for modelling of long…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2013-06-17 Remigijus Leipus , Anne Philippe , Donata Puplinskaite , Donatas Surgailis

The systems that statisticians are asked to assess, such as nuclear weapons, infrastructure networks, supercomputer codes and munitions, have become increasingly complex. It is often costly to conduct full system tests. As such, we present…

Methodology · Statistics 2009-09-29 Alyson G. Wilson , Todd L. Graves , Michael S. Hamada , C. Shane Reese

Generalized linear models, such as logistic regression, are widely used to model the association between a treatment and a binary outcome as a function of baseline covariates. However, the coefficients of a logistic regression model…

Methodology · Statistics 2022-01-04 Jiaqi Yin , Sonia Markes , Thomas S. Richardson , Linbo Wang

Time series forecasting is one of the challenging problems for humankind. Traditional forecasting methods using mean regression models have severe shortcomings in reflecting real-world fluctuations. While new probabilistic methods rush to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-06-26 Alireza Koochali , Peter Schichtel , Sheraz Ahmed , Andreas Dengel

Bayesian linear mixed-effects models and Bayesian ANOVA are increasingly being used in the cognitive sciences to perform null hypothesis tests, where a null hypothesis that an effect is zero is compared with an alternative hypothesis that…

Methodology · Statistics 2023-08-15 Daniel J. Schad , Bruno Nicenboim , Shravan Vasishth

Disaggregation modelling, or downscaling, has become an important discipline in epidemiology. Surveillance data, aggregated over large regions, is becoming more common, leading to an increasing demand for modelling frameworks that can deal…

Computation · Statistics 2020-01-15 Anita K. Nandi , Tim C. D. Lucas , Rohan Arambepola , Peter Gething , Daniel J. Weiss

Intuitively, unfamiliarity should lead to lack of confidence. In reality, current algorithms often make highly confident yet wrong predictions when faced with relevant but unfamiliar examples. A classifier we trained to recognize gender is…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-09-09 Zhizhong Li , Derek Hoiem

Bandit algorithms are increasingly used in real-world sequential decision-making problems. Associated with this is an increased desire to be able to use the resulting datasets to answer scientific questions like: Did one type of ad lead to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-11-23 Kelly W. Zhang , Lucas Janson , Susan A. Murphy

We consider the forecast aggregation problem in repeated settings, where the forecasts are done on a binary event. At each period multiple experts provide forecasts about an event. The goal of the aggregator is to aggregate those forecasts…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-02-21 Yakov Babichenko , Dan Garber

In this paper, we consider the problem of treating linear regression equation coefficients in the case of correlated predictors. It is shown that in general there are no natural ways of interpreting these coefficients similar to the case of…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2012-05-14 A. N. Varaksin , V. G. Panov

Providing users with alternatives to choose from is an essential component in many online platforms, making the accurate prediction of choice vital to their success. A renewed interest in learning choice models has led to significant…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-01-22 Nir Rosenfeld , Kojin Oshiba , Yaron Singer

For a Bayesian, real-time forecasting with the posterior predictive distribution can be challenging for a variety of time series models. First, estimating the parameters of a time series model can be difficult with sample-based approaches…

Applications · Statistics 2022-08-08 Taylor R. Brown

The ranking problem is to order a collection of units by some unobserved parameter, based on observations from the associated distribution. This problem arises naturally in a number of contexts, such as business, where we may want to rank…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2019-09-04 Toby Kenney

Logistic regression model is widely used in many studies to investigate the relationship between a binary response variable Y and a set of potential predictors $X_1,\ldots, X_p$ (for example: $Y = 1$ if the outcome occurred and $Y = 0$…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-02-25 Mouhamed Ndoye , Aba Diop

Much of human learning and inference can be framed within the computational problem of relational generalization. In this project, we propose a Bayesian model that generalizes relational knowledge to novel environments by analogically…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2020-06-09 Ruairidh M. Battleday , Thomas L. Griffiths

Estimating the parameters of probabilistic models of language such as maxent models and probabilistic neural models is computationally difficult since it involves evaluating partition functions by summing over an entire vocabulary, which…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2014-10-31 Chris Dyer

Latent variable models for network data extract a summary of the relational structure underlying an observed network. The simplest possible models subdivide nodes of the network into clusters; the probability of a link between any two nodes…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2012-07-03 Konstantina Palla , David Knowles , Zoubin Ghahramani