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Related papers: Cosmological Time, Entropy and Infinity

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According to Aristotle "time is the number of change with respect to the before and after". That's certainly a vague concept, but at the same time it's both simple and satisfying from a philosophical point of view: things do not change…

History and Philosophy of Physics · Physics 2022-01-07 Marcello Poletti

Physical systems are usually assumed to evolve relative to an external time parameter, which is problematic because in quantum theory that parameter is not a physical observable. Page & Wootters (1984) solved this by proposing that the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-04-08 Sam Kuypers , Simone Rijavec

We argue that (1) our perception of time through change and (2) the gap between reality and our observation of it are at the heart of both quantum mechanics and the dynamical mechanism of physical systems. We suggest that the origin of…

General Physics · Physics 2014-07-15 Michael York

We seek here to unify the second law of thermodynamics with the other laws, or at least to put up a law behind the second law of thermodynamics. Assuming no fine tuning, concretely by a random Hamiltonian, we argue just from equations of…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2008-11-26 Holger B. Nielsen , Masao Ninomiya

The relation between the thermodynamical and cosmological arrows of time is usually viewed in the context of the initial conditions of the Universe. It is a necessary but not sufficient condition for ensuring the thermodynamical arrow. We…

Astrophysics · Physics 2018-03-28 A. E. Allahverdyan , V. G. Gurzadyan

Recent advances in observational cosmology are changing the way we view the nature of time. In general relativity, the freedom in choosing a time hypersurface has hampered the implementation of the theory. Fortunately, Hamilton-Jacobi…

Astrophysics · Physics 2007-05-23 D. S. Salopek

Standard treatments of general relativity accept the gravitational slowing of clocks as a primary phenomenon, requiring no further analysis as to cause. Rejecting this attitude, I argue that one or more of the fundamental "constants"…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2007-05-23 John E. Heighway

Time in quantum gravity is not a well-defined notion, despite its central role in the very definition of dynamics. Using the formalism of quantum geometrodynamics, we shortly review the problem and illustrate it with two proposed solutions.…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2022-01-12 Claus Kiefer , Patrick Peter

The strong equivalence principle is extended in application to averaged dynamical fields in cosmology to include the role of the average density in the determination of inertial frames. The resulting cosmological equivalence principle is…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2008-11-26 David L. Wiltshire

The idea that the vacuum energy density $\rho_{\Lambda}$ could be time dependent is a most reasonable one in the expanding Universe; in fact, much more reasonable than just a rigid cosmological constant for the entire cosmic history. Being…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2015-07-08 Harald Fritzsch , Joan Sola

Two major apparently unrelated problems, that of the origin of time in the universe associated with quantum gravity and to the entropy in de Sitter cosmological models, are found to have their origin in a single physical phenomenon: the…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2011-04-15 Gerald Horwitz

In this paper we propose that cosmological time is a quantum observable that does not commute with other quantum operators essential for the definition of cosmological states, notably the cosmological constant. This is inspired by…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2020-02-11 Joao Magueijo , Lee Smolin

Basic for the definition of 'time' are clocks operating under stationary conditions. The periods of two clocks can be compared with each other via two return experiments. The central clock mediates between the rotating and the inertial…

General Physics · Physics 2013-06-25 Richard Lenk

The laws of Physics are time-reversible, making no qualitative distinction between the past and the future -- yet we can only go towards the future. This apparent contradiction is known as the "arrow of time problem". Its current resolution…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2024-08-23 Pablo Arrighi , Gilles Dowek , Amélia Durbec

Elementary particles, i.e. the basic constituents of nature, are characterized by quantum recurrences in time. The flow of time of every physical system can be therefore decomposed in elementary cycles of time. This allows us to enforce the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2013-09-09 Donatello Dolce

Time is, figuratively and literally, becoming the new dimension for crystalline matter. As such, rapid recent progress on time-varying media gave rise to the notion of temporal and spatiotemporal crystals. Fundamentally rethinking the role…

An extrinsic time is identified in most isotropic and homogeneous cosmological models by matching them with the ideal clock - a parametrized system whose only "degree of freedom" is time -. Once this matching is established, the…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2009-10-22 S. C. Beluardi , Rafael Ferraro

From the Physics point of view, time is now best described through General Relativity, as part of space-time which is a dynamical object encoding gravity. Time possesses also some intrinsic irreversibility due to thermodynamics, quantum…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2009-03-30 Florian Girelli , Stefano Liberati , Lorenzo Sindoni

This paper argues that the common identification of time with entropy is a category error. Entropy accounts for the arrow of time but not for time itself. Even in a maximally entropic universe the so called heat death temporal structure…

History and Philosophy of Physics · Physics 2025-08-22 Joseph S. Finberg

Quantum mechanics is derived as an application of the method of maximum entropy. No appeal is made to any underlying classical action principle whether deterministic or stochastic. Instead, the basic assumption is that in addition to the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2011-05-09 Ariel Caticha