Related papers: Atomic physics and modern solar spectro-polarimetr…
We propose new multi-dimensional atom optics that can create coherent superpositions of atomic wavepackets along three spatial directions. These tools can be used to generate light-pulse atom interferometers that are simultaneously…
We present a new approach for correcting instrumental polarization by modeling the non-depolarizing effects of a complex series of optical elements to determine physically realizable Mueller matrices. Provided that the Mueller matrix of the…
Future ground-based telescopes will expand our capabilities for simultaneous multi-line polarimetric observations in a wide range of wavelengths, from the near-ultraviolet to the near-infrared. This creates a strong demand to compare…
Spectral inversion codes are powerful tools to analyze spectropolarimetric observations, and they provide important diagnostics of solar magnetic fields. Inversion codes differ by numerical procedures, approximations of the atmospheric…
We discuss a new method to search for a new very weakly interacting light boson with extremely precise atomic spectroscopy, namely, the atomic clock. The contribution of the new physics may appear as the violation of a linear relation of…
Quantum optics potentially offers an information channel from the Universe beyond the established ones of imaging and spectroscopy. All existing cameras and all spectrometers measure aspects of the first-order spatial and/or temporal…
Magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) wave activity is ubiquitous in the solar atmosphere. MHD seismology aims to determine difficult to measure physical parameters in solar atmospheric magnetic and plasma structures by a combination of observed and…
Some new physics models of quantum gravity or dark matter predict drifts or oscillations of the fundamental constants. A relatively simple model relates molecular vibrations to the proton-to-electron mass ratio $\mu$. Many vibrational…
Standard solar models (SSMs) provide a reference framework across a number of research fields: solar and stellar models, solar neutrinos, particle physics the most conspicuous among them. The accuracy of the physical description of the…
The ability of new instruments for providing accurate inferences of vector magnetic fields and line-of-sight velocities of the solar plasma depends a great deal on the sensitivity to these physical quantities of the spectral lines chosen to…
In solar physics, it is a big challenge to measure the magnetic fields directly from observations in the upper solar atmosphere, including the chromosphere and corona. Radio observations are regarded as the most feasible approach to…
Inversion techniques (ITs) allow us to infer the magnetic, dynamic, and thermal properties of the solar atmosphere from polarization line profiles. In recent years, major progress has come from the application of ITs to state-of-the-art…
In this review, our present day understanding of the Sun's global photospheric and coronal magnetic fields is discussed from both observational and theoretical viewpoints. Firstly, the large-scale properties of photospheric magnetic fields…
Imaging spectropolarimetry is a new observing mode on the Advanced Camera for Surveys (ACS) aboard the Hubble Space Telescope (HST) that was commissioned in Cycle 30 and is available to HST observers starting in Cycle 31 (i.e., from 2023).…
Precise magnetometry is vital in numerous scientific and technological applications. At the forefront of sensitivity, optical atomic magnetometry, particularly techniques utilizing nonlinear magneto-optical rotation (NMOR), enables…
Upcoming large-scale spectroscopic surveys such as WEAVE and 4MOST will provide thousands of spectra of massive stars, which need to be analysed in an efficient and homogeneous way. Studies on massive stars are usually based on samples of a…
Current post-processing techniques for the correction of atmospheric seeing in solar observations -- such as Speckle interferometry and Phase Diversity methods -- have limitations when it comes to their reconstructive capabilities of solar…
The formation of shocks within the solar atmosphere remains one of the few observable signatures of energy dissipation arising from the plethora of magnetohydrodynamic waves generated close to the solar surface. Active region observations…
We describe a novel approach to directly measure the energy of the narrow, low-lying isomeric state in $^{229}$Th. Since nuclear transitions are far less sensitive to environmental conditions than atomic transitions, we argue that the…
Active optics is defined as the control of the shape and the alignment of the components of an optical system at low temporal frequencies. For modern large telescopes with flexible monolithic or segmented primary mirrors and also flexible…