Related papers: Choosing Between Methods of Combining p-values
In recent years, many methods have been developed for detecting causal relationships in observational data. Some of them have the potential to tackle large data sets. However, these methods fail to discover a combined cause, i.e. a…
The theory of belief functions manages uncertainty and also proposes a set of combination rules to aggregate opinions of several sources. Some combination rules mix evidential information where sources are independent; other rules are…
An aggregate data meta-analysis is a statistical method that pools the summary statistics of several selected studies to estimate the outcome of interest. When considering a continuous outcome, typically each study must report the same…
Two-sided statistical tests and p-values are well defined only when the test statistic in question has a symmetric distribution. A new two-sided p-value called conditional p-value $P_C$ is introduced here. It is closely related to the…
In a real expert system, one may have unreliable, unconfident, conflicting estimates of the value for a particular parameter. It is important for decision making that the information present in this aggregate somehow find its way into use.…
In meta analysis, multiple hypothesis testing and many other methods, p-values are utilized as inputs and assumed to be uniformly distributed over the unit interval under the null hypotheses. If data used to generate p-values have discrete…
Positive predictive value and negative predictive value are two widely used parameters to assess the clinical usefulness of a medical diagnostic test. When there are two diagnostic tests, it is recommendable to make a comparative assessment…
Permutation tests enable testing statistical hypotheses in situations when the distribution of the test statistic is complicated or not available. In some situations, the test statistic under investigation is multivariate, with the multiple…
Given a family of null hypotheses $H_{1},\ldots,H_{s}$, we are interested in the hypothesis $H_{s}^{\gamma}$ that at most $\gamma-1$ of these null hypotheses are false. Assuming that the corresponding $p$-values are independent, we are…
A recurring debate in the philosophy of statistics concerns what, exactly, should count as a measure of evidence for or against a given hypothesis. P-values, likelihood ratios, and Bayes factors all have their defenders. In this paper we…
Massive numbers of meta-analysis studies are being published. A Google Scholar search of "systematic review and meta-analysis" returns about 452k hits since 2014. The search was done on Jan 14, 2019. There is a need to have some way to…
A common approach to aggregate classification estimates in an ensemble of decision trees is to either use voting or to average the probabilities for each class. The latter takes uncertainty into account, but not the reliability of the…
Meta-analysis, because of both logistical convenience and statistical efficiency, is widely popular for synthesizing information on common parameters of interest across multiple studies. We propose developing a generalized meta-analysis…
Several problems in statistics involve the combination of high-variance unbiased estimators with low-variance estimators that are only unbiased under strong assumptions. A notable example is the estimation of causal effects while combining…
Confounding matters in almost all observational studies that focus on causality. In order to eliminate bias caused by connfounders, oftentimes a substantial number of features need to be collected in the analysis. In this case, large p…
In empirical research, when we have multiple estimators for the same parameter of interest, a central question arises: how do we combine unbiased but less precise estimators with biased but more precise ones to improve the inference? Under…
Measurements are generally collected as unilateral or bilateral data in clinical trials or observational studies. For example, in ophthalmologic studies, statistical tests are often based on one or two eyes of an individual. For bilateral…
The pairwise winning indices, computed in the Stochastic Multicriteria Acceptability Analysis, give the probability with which an alternative is preferred to another taking into account all the instances of the assumed preference model…
There is increasing interest in combining information from experimental studies, including randomized and single-group trials, with information from external experimental or observational data sources. Such efforts are usually motivated by…
We introduce a joint posterior $p$-value, an extension of the posterior predictive $p$-value for multiple test statistics, designed to address limitations of existing Bayesian $p$-values in the setting of continuous model expansion. In…